because saliva contains an enzyme known as salivary amylase which catalyses the breakdown of starch to produce sugars such as maltose (Sherwood‚ 2013). When testing the effect of the salivary amylase concentration‚ we observed that the solution containing the most saliva (3ml)‚ become colourless faster than the solution which contained the least saliva (1ml). This proves that an increase in enzyme concentration (increase in saliva)‚ will cause an increase in the reaction rate (Bennett and Frieden‚ 1969)
Premium Enzyme Glucose Starch
of ATP‚ Adenosine Triose Phosphate. This occurs by converting glucose into pyruvate via glycolysis. Pyruvate is then transported into the mitochondrial matrix via active transport. Numerous reactions‚ catalyzed by a multi enzyme complex then occur‚ where the pyruvate is decarboxylated as shown in the reaction below. Pyruvate + NAD* + CoA ? acetyl CoA + reduced NAD + Carbon Dioxide This experiment shall be carried out via the manometric technique‚ where there are two different environments with
Premium Cellular respiration Oxygen Carbon dioxide
of the chemical compound that forms limestone. 10) What is the name of the process by which carbonates are broken down by heating? 11) Draw a flow diagram of the limestone cycle‚ including chemical names and formulae. 12) Complete the general reaction: Acid + Carbonate --------> S…… + W…….. + C……… ………… 13) Explain how limestone is used to make cement‚ mortar and concrete. 14) What is the test for CO2 gas? 15) What is the definition of an ore? Why might the economics of extraction change over
Premium Carbon dioxide Chemical element Carbon
Total CO2 Evolved by Different Concentrations of Convollaria roots. Actual values are the graduated pipette readings. For CO2 evolved values‚ subtract the initial reading from the actual reading. This is the amount of CO2 accumulated over time. | Time (min) | Tube 1 | Tube 2 | Tube 3 | Tube 4 | | Actual | CO2 Evolved | Actual | CO2 Evolved | Actual | CO2 Evolved | Actual | CO2 Evolved | | (A) | (A-I) | (A) | (A-I) | (A) | (A-I) | (A) | (A-I) | Initial reading (I) | 0.05 | | 0
Premium Yeast Bacteria Metabolism
A1. Role of Enzymes in Processes Enzymes are organic catalysts that help to speed up the breakdown of a molecule‚ such as fructose. The enzyme helps a chemical reaction take place quickly so that the reaction happens properly. In order for that to happen the enzymes process by the lock and key model‚ the lock is the substrate and the enzyme is the key. The active sites are specific to a certain substrate of a molecule‚ so the enzymes only have one job to do. The shape of an enzyme is not changed
Premium Adenosine triphosphate Cellular respiration Glycolysis
3.8.3. Effect of temperature of the reaction: The effect of the temperature of the reaction on the activity of the purified enzyme was carried out by make the enzymatic reaction for 10 minutes at different temperature 25‚30‚35‚40‚45‚50‚60 and 70°C using an enzyme protein 0.1mg/reaction mixture and substrate concentration of 15 mg/reaction mixture‚ using a control of previously heated enzyme solution in the reaction. The data recorded in (table 27) and (figure 29) illustrate the effect of temperature
Premium
Enzyme concentrations Hypothesis The higher the concentration of protease enzyme the higher the rate of breakdown of the egg white. This is because egg white is mainly formed of collagen‚ which is a protein‚ which is what the enzyme protease breaks down. The more enzyme there is the more enzyme substrate complexes are formed which break down peptide links between the monomers of the protein accelerating the amount of protein broken down in a space of time. How the results will be obtained
Premium
determine the effects of different environments affecting the rate of reaction‚ PNPP (p-nitrophenyl phosphate) + H20 ? PNP (p-nitrophenol) + H3P04. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme phosphatase. Different environments produced different reaction rates as environmental factors affect the efficiency of phosphatase. This is because environmental factors can change the tertiary structure of phosphatase‚ which alters its active site‚ and thus changes its efficiency to catalyze the reaction. We measured
Premium Chemical reaction Enzyme Chemistry
Biology coursework How does the temperature affect the rate of reaction? Introduction For our experiments‚ I was investigating what affects the rate of reaction. We used Hydrogen peroxide to test the rate of reaction‚ with the temperature of this being our variable that we changed. Hydrogen peroxide is a clear‚ colourless liquid which has various amounts of uses within the laboratory‚ industrial purposes and even in our households. It is mainly used for cleaning products and hair dye but is
Premium Oxygen Enzyme Hydrogen peroxide
The environmental factors that effected the rate of enzyme reactions were the enzyme concentration‚ pH‚ and temperature. These environmental factors help enzymes break down the poisonous chemicals into harmless substance. When we tested the liver with 2ml of hydrogen peroxide for a normal reaction it showed that it was exothermic. We added more hydrogen peroxide and the reaction rate of the liver was 3. We learned that the catalase is reusable because the liver reacted both times when we put in
Premium Oxygen Enzyme Hydrogen peroxide