attaches on the cellular DNA. Thus‚ the cellular DNA integrates. Finally it continues the translation process and produces E6 and E7 protein. HPV consists of 8 genes‚ oncogene E6 and E7 genes are closely related to the control of transcription process at human as well as the cell cycle. Once HPV enters the cervix cell‚ it triggers the HPV to have the transcription for production of viral E6 and E7 mRNA and the translation for production of E6 and E7 protein from double strand of the viral DNA. (Lin & Wu
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basic unit of life. A small membrane enclosed unit with a concentrated aqueous solution of chemicals. It’s endowed with the ability to copy itself. -Every living thing is composed of a colony of cells that began as a single cell. DNA> (transcription)>RNA> (translation)>Protein Visualization of Cells -1665 Robert Hooke (professional lens maker‚ scientist) He developed a primitive microscope‚ used it to observe cork. He sees a series of chambers. Actually what Hooke is seeing‚ is the cell wall of
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1. DNA Nucleotide [pic] Nucleotides consist of three parts --- a pentose sugar‚ a nitrogen-containing base‚ and a phosphate group. A pentose sugar is a five-sided sugar. Deoxyribose has a hydrogen atom attached to its #2 carbon atom (designated 2’)‚ and ribose has a hydroxyl group atom there. Deoxyribose-containing nucleotides are the monomers of DNA RNA Nucleotide [pic] The left picture shows the nucleotide unit of RNA. Nucleotides differ from nucleosides
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Unit 2 Lecture Study Guide 1) What are the parts of an atom? Where are the subatomic particles found? Parts of an atom- divided into two basic regions: 1. the central nucleus (contains heavy particles) 2. the electron cloud (contains very light‚ moving particles) Subatomic particles: 1.Protons (found in the central nucleus) 2.neutrons (found in the central nucleus) 3.electrons (spin rapidly in a cloud around the central nucleus) 2) How does the Atomic Mass # differ from the Atomic
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BIO- FINAL EXAM REVEW SHEET This is a comprehensive review of material from exams 1-3. Please study your class notes/powerpoint slides and read the chapters listed in your syllabus to study for all new material. What are the characteristics of living organisms? Acquire and use energy Made up of other cells Process information Can replicate itself (can reproduce) Population evolves (they evolve) What are the characteristics of cells? Contain genetic information Can duplicate themselves
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AP Bio DNA‚ RNA‚ Protein synthesis Study Guide DNA Structure Nucleotide structure - sugar‚ phosphate group‚ base backbone structure - alternating sugar and phosphate group directionality (5’-3’) - DNA is anti parallel. The side that sticks out s the 5’ side bases - adenine = thymine & guanine=cytosine purines vs Pyrimidines - purines have two rings while pyrimidines have one ring Bonding - hydrogen bonds Base Pairing rules - look at bases ^^ DNA Replication Semi-conservative replication
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the gene expression programs and regulation led to have phenomenal results in cellular differentiation‚ and adaptability of all organisms. Indeed‚ the dysregulation activity in transcription progression may actually cause a broad range of disease and syndromes. RNAPII CTD has emerged as an essential regulator of transcription progression. The combinatorial modification of RNAPII CTD codes may lead to innumerous possibilities to control gene expression important for.... In the last decade‚ numerous
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1.8.1 Pre-S/S Open Reading Frame (Pre-S/S ORF) The pre-S/S ORF has three in-frame translation initiation codons that divide the gene into the pre-S1‚ pre-S2 and S regions which encodes the large (L)‚ middle (M) and small (S) envelope proteins‚ respectively (Tiollais et al.‚ 1985) . The S protein is 226 amino acids long‚ has a molecular mass of 25 kDa and shares DNA and amino acid sequence as the C-terminus of the M and L protein. The M protein has a 55-amino acid extension to the S protein
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states‚ “In the process of transcription‚ DNA is used as a template to produce a molecule of mRNA. This occurs in the nucleus.” RNA synthesis transcription is the first step of gene expression‚ in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase. During transcription‚ a DNA sequence is read by an RNA polymerase‚ which produces a complementary‚ antiparallel RNA strand‚ also unlike DNA replication where DNA is synthesised‚ transcription does not involve an RNA primer
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straightforward transcription of the oral stories told at the time. The importance of the epic lies not in what the story tells‚ but in the history and context. There are no other manuscripts that seem to encapsulate old Anglo-Saxon pagan background with new and rising Christian influence in language this ancient. By following the story through its historical timeline‚ we can learn about the listeners and story-tellers from the beginning of its creation‚ through every unique translation‚ to the final
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