ANTI-INFECTIVES Anti-infective agents are drugs that are designed to act selectively on foreign organisms that have invaded and infected the body of a human host. Ideally‚ these drugs would be toxic to the infecting organisms only and would have no effect on the host (or human) cells. OVERVIEW • Antimicrobial therapy (often termed “antibiotic therapy”) is the use of medications to treat infections caused by bacteria‚ viruses‚ and fungi. • Antimicrobial must use selective toxicity to kill
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tachycardia. Treatment methods include antimicrobials/antibiotics. Receiving treatment early can reduce the chances of mortality. Drug resistance in ventilator-associated pneumonia pathogens is becoming more prevalent‚ making the drug of choice‚ vancomycin‚ less
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preventing rheumatic fever. MRSA - Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus DOC: Vancomycin IV - a glycopeptide Active against: All gram + Preferred 2nd DOC: Trimethophrim Sulfa IV Normal site of carriage in 20% of adults of S. aureus including MRSA: anterior nares Class of antibiotic of methicilllin - PRSP (Penicillinase Resistant Synthetic Penicillin) Penicillinase - an enzyme that attacks Penicillin‚ a.k.a. beta-lactamase MRSA - resistant to penicillinase (beta-lactamase) and methicillin
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Received 14 March 2013; Accepted 10 May 2013 Abstract: Bacterial resistance to commonly used antibiotics is constantly increasing. Bacteria particularly dangerous for human life are methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus‚ vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium and fluoroquinolone-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hence‚ there is an incessant need for developing compounds with new modes of action and seeking alternate drug targets. In this review‚ the authors discuss the current situation
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Type II Necrotizing Fasciitis (necr/o death fasc/o band‚ muscle/ itis inflammation) Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) ‚ commonly known as flesh-eating disease or flesh-eating bacteria‚ is a rare infection of the deeper layers of skin and subcutaneous tissues (layer of fat and connective tissue)‚ easily spreading across the fascial plane within the subcutaneous tissue. (muscle and fat are broken down) It is life threatening. Necrotizing fasciitis is most commonly caused by a strain of A streptococcus
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Clostridium difficile Babe Ruth 06/23/2011 Microbiology Clostridium difficile I. What is Clostridium difficile and why is it relevant to us? A.“Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is a bacterium that may develop due to the prolonged use of antibiotics during healthcare treatments.” 1 B. “Clostridium difficile is an obligate anaerobe or microaerophilic‚ gram-positive‚ spore- forming‚ rod-shaped bacillus.” 2 II. What are the signs and symptoms of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI)?
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with intravascular catheters and other indwelling medical devices ("Staphylococcus epidermidis"). S. epidermidis produces a biofilm that grows on medical devices and then microorganisms are able to attach to themselves to the biofilm. It is also resistant to common antibiotics which make it difficult to treat which is why it is very important for hospitals to prevent infection by keeping a sterile environment and to follow aseptic techniques at all times ("Staphylococcus epidermidis"). Staphylococcus
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Dolosigranulum pigrumis considered as an emerging opportunistic pathogen. It was isolated from a patien twith facial herpes zoster accompanied by herpes zoster conjunctivitis and identified by 16S rRNA DNA sequence analysis. Furthermore‚ literature data were collected together to describe the characteristics of D. pigrum and the infections. Dolosigranulum pigrum is catalase-negative gram-positive cocci arranged in pairs‚ tetrads‚ and clusters and usually colonize the normal floras of the oral cavity
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Bacillus: They are rod shaped‚ gram positive bacteria found in soil and water. The largest are 2m across and 7m long. Most are aerobic but some under certain conditions can be facultative anaerobes. Each bacterium creates only one spore‚ which is resistant to heat‚ cold‚ radiation‚ desiccation‚ and disinfectants. Coprinus: It is a small genus of mushrooms that decomposes organic matter in nature. They belong to the kingdom fungi. Coprinus can grow alone or in clusters‚ lines‚ or fairy rings on lawns
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N330 Care of the Older Adult and the Family in Retirement Study Guide for Final 1. Why is it important to study gerontological nursing? Our society is rapidly aging‚ with an increasing proportion of the population being over the age of 65. This growth of the older population is expected to increase dramatically over the next 25 years. Consequently‚ there is a growing need for professionals to be trained to work with older persons. 2. Review the roles of the gerontological nurse.
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