Function- To grow repair and maintain the cells in the body along with the reproduction of those cells. Results- Two identical daughter cells form from the parent cell. Phases of Mitosis Prophase- Nucleus disappears‚ chromatin forms into chromosomes. Centrioles start to move to outer poles. Spindle fibers start to form Metaphase- Centrioles have moved to the outer poles‚ spindle fibers connect to the centromeres. Chromatids are guided to the middle of of the cell by the spindle fibers.
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Duchenne can be inherited in an x-linked fashion. The symptoms usually appear before the age of 6. Sometimes symptoms can start as early as infancy. Not all symptoms happen at one the first symptom is a usual delay of motor milestones such as using muscles to sit up‚ walk and stand alone. Calf muscles enlarge‚ this is also known as false enlargement. The enlarged calf muscle
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LIVING THINGS * All living things come from other living things. * Ex: One single celled organism to another * DNA is copied & passed to offspring * The signature molecule of life * Ex: embryo- cells continually divide & develop EVOLUTION * Why do some organisms seem suited for their environment * Ex: Hummingbird- long beak for nectar in certain flowers * Ex: Cheetahs- take down faster prey * Adaptation- inherited characteristic that
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that occur in a regular recognizable pattern are referred to as syndromes--for example‚ the FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME sometimes observed in infants of mothers who drank heavily when pregnant. Birth defects may result from the action of genes‚ chromosomes‚ or the environment on the developing fetus‚ but often the cause cannot be determined. Inherited Defects Abnormal genes cause a significant number of different birth defects. Some can be identified as a single-gene disorder that is inherited
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Mitosis and Meiosis I. These two processes function to pass chromosomes from one cellular generation to the next in a very carefully controlled manner. II. Mitosis and Meiosis are both correctly described as nuclear division; they are never correctly called cell division‚ or any kind of reproduction. It is possible (and often quite normal) for nuclei to divide when cells don’t. And organisms reproduce; nuclei and cells divide. III. Mitosis A. Mitosis is the division of a nucleus
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* Produces cells with the 1n chromosome number * Two Divisions * Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes * Meiosis II separates sister chromisis * Asexual Reproduction * Mitotic division * Identical offspring * Sexual Reproduction * Fuse gametes from parents (syngamy) to produce a zygote * Each parent contributes half the genetic material * Increase the diversity of offspring * Different combinations of chromosomes * Increase the potential
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Chromosomal Disorder: (Turner Syndrome) Introduction Turner Syndrome is a condition that only alters the development of girls and women. Most girls and women have two full and complete X chromosomes while girls with turner syndrome have only part of the second X chromosome. Women and girls are diagnosed with turner syndrome have features such as slow growth rates‚ a webbed neck‚ broad shoulders‚ and widely spaced nipples. They also have swelling hands and feet‚ heart defects‚ kidney problems‚ and
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Biology Grade 11 Exam Study Guide Diversity Taxonomic Categories Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Hierarchy From most general to most specific Binomial Nomenclature System used to identify all organisms on Earth Identifies an organism by its genus and species (ex. Humans-homo sapiens) Developed by Linnaeus in the 18th century Identifying Species 3 methods: Morphology Form and shape It is simple but there are natural variations in population Biology
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have 23 pairs of chromosomes. A karyotype is an ordered display of the paired of chromosomes from a cell. The 2 chromosomes in each pair are called homologous chromosomes or homologs. The sex chromosomes are X and Y. Human females have a homologous pair of X chromosomes (XX). Human males have one X and Y chromosome. The 22 pairs of chromosomes that do not determine sex are called autosomes. Each pair of homologous chromosomes includes one chromosome from each parent. The 46 chromosomes in a human somatic
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forming structures called chromosomes. A human somatic (non-sex) cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes. Twenty-two pairs are autosomes‚ which do not differ between the sexes. The autosomes are numbered from 1 to 22‚ with 1 the largest. The other two chromosomes‚ the X and the Y‚ are sex chromosomes. The Y chromosome bears genes that determine maleness. In humans‚ a female has two X chromosomes and a male has one X and one Y. Charts called karyotypes display the chromosome pairs from largest to smallest
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