Alexander The Great Outline

Alexander the Great

Alexander, the child of the Macedonian ruler Philip II, was conceived in Pella, the antiquated capital of Macedonia (Macedon). His initial years were used under the tutelage of the Grek savant Aristotle.

In 336 B.c., Philip was killed, and Alexander, then 20 years of age, accepted the throne. In the wake of solidifying his tenet over the Greek states, he attempted, in 334, a military crusade against the Persian Empire to the east. Alexander's armed force, around 35,000 in number (albeit a few sources say 65,000), crossed the Hellespont (the Dardanelles) from Greece into what is currently Turkey and vanquished a Persian drive under Darius III at the Granicus River. He continued along the east shore of the MEDITERRANEAN
SEA, then inland into Asia Minor, vanquishing all the region the extent that present-day Ankara, Turkey.

Alexander and his armed force proceeded with southward into present- day Lebanon where he caught the Phoenician city of Tire. At that point, in 332, he headed west along the northern shoreline of the Sinai Peninsula into Egypt, which he vanquished with little safety. That same year, he created Alexandria on Egypt's northern Mediterranean shore.

In 331, Alexander's armed force crossed into Syria and soon arrived at the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.
At the clash of Gaugamela in what is currently northern Iraq, he unequivocally crushed the Persians. Alexander pushed northeastward crosswise over present-day Iran in quest for the Persian armed force. South of the Caspian Sea, he crossed the Elburz Mountains by method for a pass known as the Caspian Gates, or the Sirdar Pass. Taking after the south bank of the Caspian Sea, he headed his armed force crosswise over northern Iran to the Gurgan River. From that point he headed south and east, entering what is currently Afghanistan. On the way, he secured Alexandria in Ariis (cutting edge Herat, Afghanistan) and Alexandria Arachosia (close current Kandahar,
Afghanistan).

Turning northeast in 329, Alexander and his successful armed force entered the Kabul Valley. At the foot of the Hindu Kush range, which he accepted to be some piece of the Caucasus Mountains, he established the city of Alexandria advertisement Caucasum. Still in quest for the Persians, he crossed the Hindu Kush, likely by method for 11,650-foot-high Khawak Pass, and entered what is currently Uzbekistan.

In the southern Russian steppes, Alexander crossed north and east to the Amu Darya, then known as the Oxus River, and prevailed over the old urban areas of Balkh and Samarkand. He proceeded with northeastward the extent that the Syr Darya River (referred to in aged times as the Jaxartes), where he secured Alexandria Eschate, the site of what got to be Leninabad. This settlement was the most distant eastern scope of Alexander's voyages.

From Alexandria Eschate, Alexander and his powers moved south crosswise over Afghanistan and, in 327, recrossed the Hindu Kush into India, arriving at the INDUS RIVER.
He headed his armed force over the Indus to the Jhelum River (the old Hydaspes) and arrived at the Beas River (the aged Hyphasis). In spite of the fact that his armed force vanquished the Indian constrains on the Jhelum, his men declined to move ahead, dreading the obscure terrains to the east. Alexander had wanted to overcome whatever remains of India, the extent that the GANGES RIVER, however with his troops very nearly rebellion, he chose to return west. In the wake of having an armada of 200 boats based on the Jhelum, Alexander headed his armed force down the stream in harvest time 325. They arrived at the Indus and plunged to its mouth in the Arabian Sea close present-day Karachi, Pakistan. Alexander sent piece of his armed force on board 150 boats, under the charge of NEARCHUS, on an undertaking westward along the bank of the Arabian Sea the extent that the mouths of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers at the leader of the Persian Gulf. He headed whatever is left of his armed force through the desert district of southern Baluchistan again to the Mesopotamian urban communities of Susa and Babylon. The overland excursion was laden with hardship; it is evaluated that Alexander lost a huge number of his men to thirst. Additionally, a great many the camp adherents were suffocated in desert blaze
surges.

By 324, Alexander had come back to Persia and embraced investigations of the Tigris River into what is presently Iraq. He wanted to attempt a toward the ocean investigation around the Arabian Peninsula and may have expected a circumnavigation of Africa. Before he could set out, be that as it may, he gotten a fever, most likely coming about because of intestinal sickness, after a 10-day drinking session, and passed on in June 323 B.c. Before long thereafter, his realm fell into disorder.

Alexander the Great, as he was known after his extraordinary success of the Middle East and focal Asia, amplified European geographic information the extent that India. His armed force navigated 20,000 miles of domain in Europe, Africa, and Asia, including numerous locales obscure to the Greeks and other Mediterranean civilizations. Going with his armed force were researchers, who sent again to Greece examples of newfound plants and creatures. Likewise, his powers were joined by bematists, early surveyors who measured his course. Ensuing records of Alexander's triumphs given the Hellenistic world a learning of Asia and prompted expanded contact with India and China. His course crosswise over current Iran, south of the Caspian Sea, turned into a crucial connection in the Silk Road, a vital exchange course in antiquated times in the middle of China and the eastern Mediterranean.