B.SC (HONS) NURSING PRACTICE DEVELOPMENT
(Cohort 17)
MODULE AC0683
ANALYSING KNOWLEDGE FOR PRACTICE
OPTION B: REFLECTIVE ACCOUNT
NAME : KALAIVANI A/P SHANMUGAM
IC NO : 860405–43-5054
STUDENT ID : 10038190
WORD COUNT : 9838
INTRODUCTION This study will represent my attempt at trying to accommodate the definition of stress among nurses using the means of a reflective account. Throughout this dissertation, I have obtained certain areas that a practitioner will require; in order to bring improvement to my field of study, work and operations that are in accordance to the need to maintain the comfort of patients and minimize the stress level among the nurses who are involved. Reflective account has been implemented into the examination of the areas that will require improvement. The aim of this study is to expose the tangible level of stress among experienced nurses. The level of stress among the nurses will be identified based on a reflective methodology. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) stress is today termed as a worldwide epidemic. Certain types of stress can be termed as unavoidable and at times can even be important for an individual (Cavanegh & Sanpe, 1993). At the same time when an individual is not able to cope with the stress that has been induced on them; it can cause harm to the individual- both from an emotional and physical form. By the 1990s, stress was already classified as the second highest catalyst for sicknesses among human beings (National Audit Office). Stress is one of the most common means of physically hazardous emotional symptoms that affects nurses around the world (Lozarus & Folkman, 1984). Lozarus and Folkman (1984) define job stress as the harmful physical and emotional
References: 1) Alamgir,H. el al.(2007) ‘Work related injury among direct care occupation in British Columbia, Canada’, Occupational and environmental medicine,64,pp.769-775. 2) Atkin, S. & Murphy, K. (1993) ‘Reflection’, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 18, pp.118-1192. 3) Allen I (2001) Stress among ward Sisters and Charge Nurses. Policy Studies Institute, London, UK. 4) Barkers, P. (1979) ‘ Bioehthicics and informed consent in American Health Care Delivery’. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 4, pp23-28 5) Blegen, M.A 6) Buchan, J. &Calman, L.(2004) Global shortage of Registered Nurses: An Overview of issues and Actions. International council of Nurses Geneva. 7) Bemey, B. el al. (2005) ‘factors influencing the use of registered nurse overtime in hospital 1995-2000’.Journal of Nursing Scholarship,37(2), pp. 165-17212. 10) Freshwater D, Stickly T (2003) Cinderellas of the psyche. Mental Health Today. 23, 20-21. 11) Gill (2004), The Impact of Stress Management on Nurse Productivity and Retention. 12) Gillespie, M. & Melby V. (2003). Burnout among nursing staff in accident and emergency acute medicine: a comparative study. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 12, 842-851. 13) Irvine,D.m.,7 Evans, m. G.(1995).Job satisfaction and turnover among nurses: Integrating research across studies. Nursing Research,44 (4),246-253J. S. Greenberg, Managing stress: A personal guide, William C. Brown, Dubuque, IA, 1984. 14) Jenkins D, Palmer S (2004) Job stress in National Health Service managers: a qualitative exploration of the stressors- strain- health relationship 15) John, C Graham. J. (1996) using a reflective model of nursing and guided reflection. Nursing standard, 11 (2), pp.34-38. 16) Johns C (1995) Framing learning through reflection within Carper’s fundamental ways of knowing in nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 22, 2, 226-234 17) Kingma, M 18) Lundstrom, T. et al. (2002) ‘Organizational & environmental factors that affect workers health and safety and patient outcome’ , American Journal of Infection Control, 30(2),pp.93-106. 19) Lazarus,R.S.,& Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal and Coping. New York, NY: Springer. 20) Melnyk, B.M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2005). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best to best practice. Philadelphia: Lippincort Williams & Wilkins. 21) Mackay CJ, Cousins R, Kelly PJ, Lee S, McCaig RH(2004) Management Standards and work-related stress in the UK: policy background and science. Work & Stress 18(2):91-112. 22) Muff,J. (1984). Origins of stress in nursing. In E.E. M. Smythe (Ed.), Surviving nursing (pp. 13-37). Menlo Park, CA: Addison-Wesley. 23) Nsubuga,F. M. & Jaakkola, M. S. (2005) ‘Needle stick injuries among nurses in Sub Saharan Africa’. Tropical Medicine and International health, 10(8), pp 773-781. 24) Oswick C, Grant D, Michelson G, Wailes N(2005) Looking forwards: discursive directions in organizational change. Journal of Organizational Change Management 18(4): 383-90. 27) Sackett et al (2000). Evidence-based medicine: How to practice and teach EBM . 2nd edn. London: Churchill Livingstone. 28) Selye ,H. (1976). Stress in health and disease. Boston, MA: Butterworts. 29) Simmons B et al (2003) Clinical reasoning in experienced nurses. Western Journal of Nursing Research. 25,6, 701-724. 31) Sorrels-Jones J, Weaver D (1999) knowledge workers and knowledge intense organizations. Part 1, a promising framework for nursing and health care. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 29, 7/8, 12-18. 32) Tyler PA, Cushway D. Stress in nurses: The effects of coping and social support. Stress Med. 1995; 11:243-251. 33) Thyer, G.L (2003) Dare to be different: transformational leadership may hold the key to reducing the nursing shortage. Journal of Nursing Management,11(2),73-79.