Behaviourism Health Care
Psychology in health care is a modern and quickly evolving field. It is used to study behaviours that are relevant to health and illness in the health care sector. This essay will show two theories and research which will help back up these theories. It will then explain how each theory can be used to resolve health related issues.
The behaviourist theory was founded by JB Watson in 1915. McGraw-Hill describes behaviourism as “the study of behaviour change. It is based on the assumption that behaviour change signifies that learning has taken place.” Ivan Pavlov highlighted the possibility of learning by association widely known as classical conditioning. This is when a stimulus results in a response and through repetition the event and reaction …show more content…
He used his dog to easily show this. Before conditioning, Pavlov rang a bell and in response the dog did nothing but when Pavlov showed food the dog would salivate. So he then started conditioning the dog by ringing the bell then showing the dog food therefore the dog would salivate. After doing this multiple times the dog began to salivate just when the bell was rang as it had learned that the noise would mean he would be given food. Thus, proving the dog has learned through association because the bell became associated with food resulting in salivation. (McLeod (a) …show more content…
At the beginning of this therapy, the client must be taught to relax to turn off fear and anxiety responses. The client must then use this to distinguish a hierarchy of fear which then they can gradually take steps to overcome the fears. (Stedman’s Medical Dictionary 2006)
The personality theory shows how personality is made up of different traits. These traits can then influence our behaviours in which the theorists Hans Eysenck and Raymond Catell completed some research into this. Hans Eysenck began by using two main dimensions; ‘The Dimensions of Personality’ and ‘The Scientific Study of Personality’. He achieved this by giving participants adjectives which identified the main traits.
The ‘dimensions of personality’ explained the dimensions of Extroversion – someone who likes attention and is outgoing- and Introversion – someone who is usually quiet and keeps to themselves often thinks a lot before doing anything. And also Neuroticism – the tendency to become depressed or have mental health problems- and Emotional Stability – being able to keep a head on their emotions. (Cherry
The behaviourist theory was founded by JB Watson in 1915. McGraw-Hill describes behaviourism as “the study of behaviour change. It is based on the assumption that behaviour change signifies that learning has taken place.” Ivan Pavlov highlighted the possibility of learning by association widely known as classical conditioning. This is when a stimulus results in a response and through repetition the event and reaction …show more content…
He used his dog to easily show this. Before conditioning, Pavlov rang a bell and in response the dog did nothing but when Pavlov showed food the dog would salivate. So he then started conditioning the dog by ringing the bell then showing the dog food therefore the dog would salivate. After doing this multiple times the dog began to salivate just when the bell was rang as it had learned that the noise would mean he would be given food. Thus, proving the dog has learned through association because the bell became associated with food resulting in salivation. (McLeod (a) …show more content…
At the beginning of this therapy, the client must be taught to relax to turn off fear and anxiety responses. The client must then use this to distinguish a hierarchy of fear which then they can gradually take steps to overcome the fears. (Stedman’s Medical Dictionary 2006)
The personality theory shows how personality is made up of different traits. These traits can then influence our behaviours in which the theorists Hans Eysenck and Raymond Catell completed some research into this. Hans Eysenck began by using two main dimensions; ‘The Dimensions of Personality’ and ‘The Scientific Study of Personality’. He achieved this by giving participants adjectives which identified the main traits.
The ‘dimensions of personality’ explained the dimensions of Extroversion – someone who likes attention and is outgoing- and Introversion – someone who is usually quiet and keeps to themselves often thinks a lot before doing anything. And also Neuroticism – the tendency to become depressed or have mental health problems- and Emotional Stability – being able to keep a head on their emotions. (Cherry