Change Management Literature Review
Coverpage, table of contents, appendences
Introduction
With our main research question we aim at exploring the importance of effective change management and the characteristics of a successful change management program in a hospital. The main research question can be formulated as: To what extend is change management necessary and how can it most efficiently be implemented in a hospital?
By understanding the importance of effective change management we can facilitate our commitment to the development of a successful change management program. By gaining insight into the different factors that can contribute to successful change management, we can guide the design of an appropriate change management program. In the following pages, it will be shown that as the environmental characteristics and demands change, the success of an organization will be determined by its ability to adapt and evolve – in other words, successfully change. Successful change requires successful change management. Our sub-questions attempt to determine what is successful change management and how can be achieved despite the obstacles. Specifically, with the help of generic and empirical studies we attempt to explore general characteristics of (successful) change management, change management practices that contribute to success or failure, possible obstacles (e.g. resistance to change), the importance of employee engagement, and ways of achieving the readiness that is necessary for successfully implementing organizational change.
Sub-question 1: What is (successful) change management (characteristics)?
Generic study
In the article: “The art of balancing” Jeanie Daniel Duck (1993) describes several important issues that come across in change management processes. The author argues that change is a personal and intense process for each individual in an organization. Every staff member must think feel or do something different during a change process. Therefore, corporate change is a
Introduction
With our main research question we aim at exploring the importance of effective change management and the characteristics of a successful change management program in a hospital. The main research question can be formulated as: To what extend is change management necessary and how can it most efficiently be implemented in a hospital?
By understanding the importance of effective change management we can facilitate our commitment to the development of a successful change management program. By gaining insight into the different factors that can contribute to successful change management, we can guide the design of an appropriate change management program. In the following pages, it will be shown that as the environmental characteristics and demands change, the success of an organization will be determined by its ability to adapt and evolve – in other words, successfully change. Successful change requires successful change management. Our sub-questions attempt to determine what is successful change management and how can be achieved despite the obstacles. Specifically, with the help of generic and empirical studies we attempt to explore general characteristics of (successful) change management, change management practices that contribute to success or failure, possible obstacles (e.g. resistance to change), the importance of employee engagement, and ways of achieving the readiness that is necessary for successfully implementing organizational change.
Sub-question 1: What is (successful) change management (characteristics)?
Generic study
In the article: “The art of balancing” Jeanie Daniel Duck (1993) describes several important issues that come across in change management processes. The author argues that change is a personal and intense process for each individual in an organization. Every staff member must think feel or do something different during a change process. Therefore, corporate change is a
References: Armenakis, A. A., Harris, S. G., & Mossholder, K. W., 1993. Creating Readiness for Organizational Change. Available on: http://hum.sagepub.com.ezproxy.leidenuniv.nl:2048/content/46/6/681.abstract (Accessed on 20 May 2013). Bruch, H., Gerber, P., Maier, V., 2005. Strategic change decisions: Doing the right change right. Available on:http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.leidenuniv.nl:2048/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=b7ba45e6-e4d0-479c-858f-90d4f8ce6e39%40sessionmgr198&vid=2&hid=103 (Accessed on 20 May 2013). Duck, J., 1993. Managing Change The art of balancing. Available on: http://hbr.org/1993/11/managing-change-the-art-of-balancing/ar/1 (Accessed on 20 May2013). Dicke, C, 2007. Employee engagement & change management. Available on: https://est05.esalestrack.com/eSalesTrack/Content/Content.ashx?file=8a9f2c20-ed9b-4cee-b720-dd72801cdd26.pdf (Accessed on 20 May 2013). Elam, S. & Christensen, T. (2009). Helping Employees Adapt to Change at Texas Children 's Hospital. Available on: http://www.change-management.com/tutorial-why-case-study.htm (Accessed on 20 May 2013). Harter, J. K., Schmidt, F. L., & Hayes, T. L., 2002. Business-unit-level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: A meta-analysis. Available on: http://psycnet.apa.org/index.cfm?fa=buy.optionToBuy&id=2002-12397-006 (Accessed on 20 May 2013) Lawrence, P. R., 1969. How to deal with resistance to change. Available on: http://hbr.org/1969/01/how-to-deal-with-resistance-to-change (Accessed on 20 May 2013). Maven, 2012. Why is change management important? Available on http://www.maventraining.co.uk/media/26/1126-quick-guide-why-is-change-management-important.pdf (Accessed on 20 May 2013). McNish, M., 2001. Guidelines for managing change: A study of their effects on the implementation of new information technology projects in organizations. Available on:http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.leidenuniv.nl:2048/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=5f78970f-8905-423b-bd9d-b16d19de4339%40sessionmgr115&vid=6&hid=103 (Accessed on 20 May 2013). Raineri, A. B., 2011. Change management practices: Impact on perceived change results. Available on: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0148296309002999 (Accessed on 20 May 2013)