Dunbar Case 8 The Use Of Hedge Summary
Table 4.8 The Use of Hedge by Trump.
Type of Disagreement Frequency Utterance
The use of Hedge 3 The NAFTA agreement is defective. Just because of the tax and many other reasons, but just because of the fact...
(Datum 1) Well, could I just finish -- I think I...
(Datum 2) I think it's disgraceful.
(Datum 3)
Datum 1
Utterance above is included into the use of hedge. It is indicated by the present of word “just”, this word function to soften the disagreement. In this case Trump try to argue to Clinton, he said that NAFTA is devective only because of tax. Meaning that Trump conclude NAFTA became worst because of tax and other reason. Here he used “just” to minimize the face threatening act toward Clinton.
Datum 2
The conversation above shows Trump disagreement to Holt to open the next segment. He said that he want to finish his statement. The use of hedge “just and I think” function to soften his disagreement to Holt. …show more content…
Datum 3 The statement above is including into disagreement strategy by using hedge.
Trump did not agree toward taking the Fifth Amandement. He said that it is disgraceful. He uses “I think” to soften the disagreement in order to safe addressee positive face.
4.1.1.1.6 Correction
The sixth strategy used by Trump was Correction. Correction is correting the thruth. In t his case the writer found 2 utterances containing disagreement strategies in the form of correction which will present in Table 4.9
Table 4.9 The Use of Correction Strategy by Trump.
Type of Disagreement Frequency Utterance
Correction 2 We cannot let it happen.
(Datum 1) Secretary Clinton, and you will see devastation where manufacture is down 30, 40, percent. NAFTA is the worst trade deal maybe ever signed anywhere, but certainly ever signed in this country.
(Datum
2)
Datum 1 The utterances “we cannot let it happen” is included into correction. In this statement Trump informs that there are many people leaving US to find a better job. He informs us that it is may not happent. It must be correction in order the people want to back to US. He did not want this mistake happent again in US therefore he said that we may not let it happen.
Datum 2
This statement is included into correction. Based on Locher (2014) correction is included into unmitigated disagreement. In this utterance Trump gives the thruth or declare that NAFTA was the worst deal which ever signed in US.
4.1.1.1.7 Mild- Criticism
Mild Criticism is a negative comment in the form of interogative and affirmative sentence. In this study the writer found 2 utterances including itno Mild-Criticism. The data will be presen in the Table 4.10
Table 4.10 The Use of Mild Criticism by Trump
Type of Disagreement Frequency Utterance
Mild Criticism 2 You are going to approve one of the biggest tax cuts in history. You are going to approve one of the biggest tax increases in history. You are going to drive business out.
(Datum 1) And take a look at mine, also, and you'll see.
(Datum 2)
Datum 1
In this statement Trump gives soften critique in the form of mild criticism. He criticize Clinton that her regulation will produce disaster for US. He give the critique in the form of affirmative sentence which classfied into indirect strategy.
Datum 2
In this conversation Trump give crittique toward Clinton website. He asked the audience to look at his websiter too but actually it function to critique Clinton’s website that she said before.
4.1.1.8 Reminding Reminding is included into indirect strategy (Sornig, 1977). In this study the writer found 1 utterance including into reminding. The data presented in Table 4.11
Table 4.11 The Use of Reminding Strategy by Trump
Type of Disagreement Frequency Utterance
Reminding 1 Our energy policies are a disaster. Our country is losing so much in terms of energy, in terms of paying off our debt. You can't do what you're looking to do with $20 trillion in debt
(Datum 1)
Datum 1 In this data Trump try to remind Clinton that US ever have many debts. Many people loss their jobs, politics loosing so much energy. All of it happen because of debt. Therefore Trump used this strategy to remind Clinton may be she was forgot.
4.1.1.1.9 Denial
It is claim that something is not true. In this study the writer found 1 data including into denial. The data presented in Table 4.12
Table 4.12 The Use of Denial Strategy by Trump
Type of Disagreement Frequncy Utterance
Denial 1 I did not. I did not. I do not say that
(Datum 1)
Datum 1
The utterance typed bold means Trump denys Clinton statement that Trump will blow debt by over $5 trillion. Trump ignored Clinton’s statement..
4.1.1.2 Disagreement Strategies used by Clinton in American Presidential Debate
From the data collected, the disagreement strategy used by Clinton in performing disagreement are reported in Table 4.13
Table 4.13 Disagreement Strategy used by Clinton in performing disagreement
Type of Disagreement Strategy Frequency Rank
The use of hedge 6 1
Unmitigated Strategy 4 2
The use of but 3 3
Denial 2 4
Correction 2 5
Suggestion 1 6
The use of modal auxilary 1 7
Total 19
4.1.1.2.1 The use of Hedge Based on Table 4.4 the use of hedge is placed in the first rank of strategy by Clinton. Hedge is function to soften the disagreement. It can minimize face threatening act made by speaker to the hearer. In this study the writer found 5 utterances containing hedge which will present in Table 4.14
Table 4.14 The Use of Hedge by Clinton.
Type of Disagreement Frequency Utterance
The use of Hedge 5 Well, I think that trade is an important issue.
(Datum 1) We also, though, need to have a tax system that rewards work and not just financial transactions
(Datum 2) I think we come at it from somewhat different perspectives. I understand that.
(Datum 3) And I have -- well, not quite that long. I think my husband did a pretty good
(Datum 4) And I think it's time that the wealthy and corporations paid their fair share to support this country
(Datum 5)
Datum 1 Datum 1 shows that Clinton tries to express her different idea in trade. She has opinion that trade is an important issue for US. In this utterance she used hedge “I think”. It is function to soften her disagreement toward her addresse’s statement. She tries to make different statement by using hedge.
Datum 2 The utterances above is included into the use of hedge. The word “just” function to strenghten the disagreement in the form of direct disagreement. In this utterance Cliton stated that since trade is the important issue to way to achive that is not only focus on financial transaction but it also have to be focus on tax system.
Type of Disagreement Frequency Utterance
The use of Hedge 3 The NAFTA agreement is defective. Just because of the tax and many other reasons, but just because of the fact...
(Datum 1) Well, could I just finish -- I think I...
(Datum 2) I think it's disgraceful.
(Datum 3)
Datum 1
Utterance above is included into the use of hedge. It is indicated by the present of word “just”, this word function to soften the disagreement. In this case Trump try to argue to Clinton, he said that NAFTA is devective only because of tax. Meaning that Trump conclude NAFTA became worst because of tax and other reason. Here he used “just” to minimize the face threatening act toward Clinton.
Datum 2
The conversation above shows Trump disagreement to Holt to open the next segment. He said that he want to finish his statement. The use of hedge “just and I think” function to soften his disagreement to Holt. …show more content…
Datum 3 The statement above is including into disagreement strategy by using hedge.
Trump did not agree toward taking the Fifth Amandement. He said that it is disgraceful. He uses “I think” to soften the disagreement in order to safe addressee positive face.
4.1.1.1.6 Correction
The sixth strategy used by Trump was Correction. Correction is correting the thruth. In t his case the writer found 2 utterances containing disagreement strategies in the form of correction which will present in Table 4.9
Table 4.9 The Use of Correction Strategy by Trump.
Type of Disagreement Frequency Utterance
Correction 2 We cannot let it happen.
(Datum 1) Secretary Clinton, and you will see devastation where manufacture is down 30, 40, percent. NAFTA is the worst trade deal maybe ever signed anywhere, but certainly ever signed in this country.
(Datum
2)
Datum 1 The utterances “we cannot let it happen” is included into correction. In this statement Trump informs that there are many people leaving US to find a better job. He informs us that it is may not happent. It must be correction in order the people want to back to US. He did not want this mistake happent again in US therefore he said that we may not let it happen.
Datum 2
This statement is included into correction. Based on Locher (2014) correction is included into unmitigated disagreement. In this utterance Trump gives the thruth or declare that NAFTA was the worst deal which ever signed in US.
4.1.1.1.7 Mild- Criticism
Mild Criticism is a negative comment in the form of interogative and affirmative sentence. In this study the writer found 2 utterances including itno Mild-Criticism. The data will be presen in the Table 4.10
Table 4.10 The Use of Mild Criticism by Trump
Type of Disagreement Frequency Utterance
Mild Criticism 2 You are going to approve one of the biggest tax cuts in history. You are going to approve one of the biggest tax increases in history. You are going to drive business out.
(Datum 1) And take a look at mine, also, and you'll see.
(Datum 2)
Datum 1
In this statement Trump gives soften critique in the form of mild criticism. He criticize Clinton that her regulation will produce disaster for US. He give the critique in the form of affirmative sentence which classfied into indirect strategy.
Datum 2
In this conversation Trump give crittique toward Clinton website. He asked the audience to look at his websiter too but actually it function to critique Clinton’s website that she said before.
4.1.1.8 Reminding Reminding is included into indirect strategy (Sornig, 1977). In this study the writer found 1 utterance including into reminding. The data presented in Table 4.11
Table 4.11 The Use of Reminding Strategy by Trump
Type of Disagreement Frequency Utterance
Reminding 1 Our energy policies are a disaster. Our country is losing so much in terms of energy, in terms of paying off our debt. You can't do what you're looking to do with $20 trillion in debt
(Datum 1)
Datum 1 In this data Trump try to remind Clinton that US ever have many debts. Many people loss their jobs, politics loosing so much energy. All of it happen because of debt. Therefore Trump used this strategy to remind Clinton may be she was forgot.
4.1.1.1.9 Denial
It is claim that something is not true. In this study the writer found 1 data including into denial. The data presented in Table 4.12
Table 4.12 The Use of Denial Strategy by Trump
Type of Disagreement Frequncy Utterance
Denial 1 I did not. I did not. I do not say that
(Datum 1)
Datum 1
The utterance typed bold means Trump denys Clinton statement that Trump will blow debt by over $5 trillion. Trump ignored Clinton’s statement..
4.1.1.2 Disagreement Strategies used by Clinton in American Presidential Debate
From the data collected, the disagreement strategy used by Clinton in performing disagreement are reported in Table 4.13
Table 4.13 Disagreement Strategy used by Clinton in performing disagreement
Type of Disagreement Strategy Frequency Rank
The use of hedge 6 1
Unmitigated Strategy 4 2
The use of but 3 3
Denial 2 4
Correction 2 5
Suggestion 1 6
The use of modal auxilary 1 7
Total 19
4.1.1.2.1 The use of Hedge Based on Table 4.4 the use of hedge is placed in the first rank of strategy by Clinton. Hedge is function to soften the disagreement. It can minimize face threatening act made by speaker to the hearer. In this study the writer found 5 utterances containing hedge which will present in Table 4.14
Table 4.14 The Use of Hedge by Clinton.
Type of Disagreement Frequency Utterance
The use of Hedge 5 Well, I think that trade is an important issue.
(Datum 1) We also, though, need to have a tax system that rewards work and not just financial transactions
(Datum 2) I think we come at it from somewhat different perspectives. I understand that.
(Datum 3) And I have -- well, not quite that long. I think my husband did a pretty good
(Datum 4) And I think it's time that the wealthy and corporations paid their fair share to support this country
(Datum 5)
Datum 1 Datum 1 shows that Clinton tries to express her different idea in trade. She has opinion that trade is an important issue for US. In this utterance she used hedge “I think”. It is function to soften her disagreement toward her addresse’s statement. She tries to make different statement by using hedge.
Datum 2 The utterances above is included into the use of hedge. The word “just” function to strenghten the disagreement in the form of direct disagreement. In this utterance Cliton stated that since trade is the important issue to way to achive that is not only focus on financial transaction but it also have to be focus on tax system.