Enzymes Contain Molecules In The Active Site That Help Chemical Transformations. How Does This Drug Work?

Chapters 6,7 &31
Question 1
1 out of 1 points

Some enzymes contain molecules in the active site that help facilitate chemical transformations. These molecules are called:

Selected Answer: coenzymes.
Correct Answer: coenzymes.

Question 2
1 out of 1 points

People with high cholesterol levels often take drugs in an attempt to lower their cholesterol levels. One such drug is Lipitor. How does this drug work?

Selected Answer: It acts as a competitive inhibitor by binding to the active site of enzymes that normally produce cholesterol.
Correct Answer: It acts as a competitive inhibitor by binding to the active site of enzymes that normally produce cholesterol.

Question 3
1 out
of 1 points

Metabolism is the sum of all the:

Selected Answer: chemical reactions that a cell carries out.
Correct Answer: chemical reactions that a cell carries out.

Question 4
0 out of 1 points

Energy present in a system that is not usable to do work relates to the system's:

Selected Answer: thermodynamics.
Correct Answer: entropy.

Question 5
1 out of 1 points

Before starch can be used for cellular respiration, it must be broken down into:

Selected Answer: glucose.
Correct Answer: glucose.

Question 6
0 out of 1 points

The majority of ATP in aerobic respiration is produced by:

Selected Answer: the Krebs cycle.
Correct Answer: the electron transport chain.

Question 7
1 out of 1 points

Before proteins can be used for cellular respiration, they must be broken down into:

Selected Answer: amino acids.
Correct Answer: amino acids.

Question 8
0 out of 1 points

The term aerobic means:

Selected Answer: oxygen-independent.
Correct Answer: oxygen-dependent.

Question 9
1 out of 1 points

What is unusual about soy protein as opposed to other plant protein sources?

Selected Answer: Soy protein has all essential amino acids in the proper proportions.
Correct Answer: Soy protein has all essential amino acids in the proper proportions.

Question 10
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is an example of a nutrient that helps to regulate bodily processes?

Selected Answer: potassium
Correct Answer: potassium

Question 11
1 out of 1 points

Calories are a measure of the:

Selected Answer: amount of energy the food contains.
Correct Answer: amount of energy the food contains.

Question 12
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is a complex carbohydrate that cannot be digested?

Selected Answer: fibers
Correct Answer: fibers

Question 13
0 out of 1 points

Allosteric regulation depends on inhibitors binding to the active site of enzymes.

Selected Answer: True
Correct Answer: False

Question 14
0 out of 1 points

Given enough time, sucrose can spontaneously break down into fructose and glucose in a glass of water.

Selected Answer: False
Correct Answer: True

Question 15
0.57143 out of 1 points

Match column 1 with the items in column 2.

Question
Correct Match
Selected Match
Links the study of energy to life F. bioenergetics F. bioenergetics The study of energy D. thermodynamics D. thermodynamics The breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones, with the release of energy E. exergonic reaction A. endergonic reaction
The building of larger molecules, requiring energy A. endergonic reaction C. coupled reaction
Using the energy from the breakdown of molecules to fuel the construction of new molecules C. coupled reaction E. exergonic reaction
A source of chemical energy for metabolic processes G.
ATP
G.
ATP
The energy required to initiate a chemical reaction
B.
activation energy B. activation energy

Chapters 4 & 5 stion 1
0.66667 out of 1 points

Match column 1 with the items in column 2.

Question
Correct Match
Selected Match
The movement of molecules down their concentration gradient without the use of a transport protein F. simple diffusion A. facilitated diffusion
Uses transport proteins to assist the movement of materials down a concentration gradient A. facilitated diffusion F. simple diffusion
Movement of materials across a cell membrane that does not require energy B. passive transport B. passive transport
Requires the expenditure of energy to move molecules or ions across a cell membrane E. active transport E. active transport
Uses a transport vesicle to bring large materials into the cell C. endocytosis C. endocytosis Uses a transport vesicle to release materials to the exterior of a cell D. exocytosis D. exocytosis Question 2
1 out of 1 points

A purpose of the plasma membrane is to:

Selected Answer: form the outer boundary of a cell.
Correct Answer: form the outer boundary of a cell.

Question 3
1 out of 1 points

Yeast cells take up glucose (a sugar) to use as their primary source of energy. Typically, glucose concentrations outside yeast cells are far lower than glucose concentrations inside the cells. Therefore, for yeast to take up glucose, the cells must use:

Selected Answer: active transport to move glucose up its concentration gradient.
Correct Answer: active transport to move glucose up its concentration gradient.

Question 4
1 out of 1 points

The 1985 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Michael Brown and Joseph Goldstein for their work on cholesterol metabolism. Brown and Goldstein investigated the cause of remarkably high levels of circulating cholesterol found in certain families. Just as remarkable was the high incidence of heart disease in these families. What Brown and Goldstein found was not what might be expected–these individuals did not make too much cholesterol. Instead, most of these people had defects in receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME). What could possibly link high cholesterol levels in the blood and defective RME in these patients?

Selected Answer: Cholesterol was not transported into cells by RME and therefore accumulated in the blood.
Correct Answer: Cholesterol was not transported into cells by RME and therefore accumulated in the blood.

Question 5
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following would be least likely to diffuse through a phospholipid bilayer?

Selected Answer: sodium ions
Correct
Answer: sodium ions

Question 6
1 out of 1 points

Proteins destined to be secreted by the cell are produced:

Selected Answer: on the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Correct Answer: on the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 7
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following are associated with energy transfer in eukaryotic cells?

Selected Answer: chloroplasts and mitochondria
Correct Answer: chloroplasts and mitochondria

Question 8
1 out of 1 points

What determines whether a protein will be produced on a "free ribosome" or on one attached to the endoplasmic reticulum?

Selected Answer: a chemical signal on the protein being produced
Correct Answer: a chemical signal on the protein being produced

Question 9
1 out of 1 points

The function of the nucleus is to:

Selected Answer: contain the DNA.
Correct Answer: contain the DNA.

Question 10
1 out of 1 points

People with oxidative phosphorylation disorders suffer a lack of energy that can lead to diminished function of nerve and muscle cells. The organelle most likely to be altered in oxidative phosphorylation disorders is the:

Selected Answer: mitochondrion.
Correct Answer: mitochondrion.

Question 11
1 out of 1 points

Match column 1 with the items in column 2.

Question
Correct Match
Selected Match
Modifies, stores, and ships proteins D.
Golgi complex D.
Golgi complex
Serves as the site of protein synthesis B. ribosomes B. ribosomes A network of membranes studded with ribosomes C. rough endoplasmic reticulum C. rough endoplasmic reticulum
The "power plants" of the cell A. mitochondria A. mitochondria The site of lipid synthesis E. smooth endoplasmic reticulum E. smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 12
1 out of 1 points

Plasmodesmata allow plant cells to communicate with each other.

Selected Answer: True
Correct Answer: True

Question 13
1 out of 1 points

Ribosomes are found only in plant cells.

Selected Answer: False
Correct Answer: False

Question 14
1 out of 1 points

The chief component of the plasma membrane is the phospholipid bilayer.

Selected Answer: True
Correct Answer: True

Question 15
1 out of 1 points

The phospholipid bilayer forms spontaneously in water.

Selected Answer: True
Correct Answer: True

Chapters 2&3
Question 1
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following would form the fewest covalent bonds?

Selected Answer: neon (eight electrons in the second shell)
Correct Answer: neon (eight electrons in the second shell)

Question 2
1 out of 1 points

From its atomic number of 10, you can predict that a neon atom:

Selected Answer: is not chemically reactive.
Correct Answer: is not chemically reactive.

Question 3
0 out of 1 points

In what ways are hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds similar?

Selected Answer: Both involve an even sharing of electrons between atoms.
Correct Answer: Both are based on attraction between atoms that carry differences in electrical charge.

Question 4
1 out of 1 points

Atoms form bonds to:

Selected Answer: fill their outer shells with electrons.
Correct Answer: fill their outer shells with electrons.

Question 5
1 out of 1 points

When sodium chloride dissolves in water, the sodium and chloride ions are pulled into solution by:

Selected Answer:

the attraction of the sodium ions to the negatively charged oxygen, and the attraction of the chloride ions to the two positively charged hydrogens of the water molecules.
Correct Answer:

the attraction of the sodium ions to the negatively charged oxygen, and the attraction of the chloride ions to the two positively charged hydrogens of the water molecules.

Question 6
1 out of 1 points

Hydroxyl groups are commonly found in:

Selected Answer: carbohydrates.
Correct Answer: carbohydrates.

Question 7
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following contains both a carboxyl group and an amino group?

Selected Answer: amino acids
Correct Answer: amino acids

Question 8
1 out of 1 points

Unique chemical groups that confer special properties to an organic molecule are called:

Selected Answer: functional groups.
Correct Answer: functional groups.

Question 9
1 out of 1 points

In the following chemical reaction, which molecule is the disaccharide? glucose + fructose → sucrose + water

Selected Answer: sucrose
Correct Answer: sucrose

Question 10
1 out of 1 points

Isotopes differ from each other in the number of protons that they possess.

Selected Answer: False
Correct Answer: False

Question 11
1 out of 1 points

The electrons of an atom contribute significantly to the mass of an atom.

Selected Answer: False
Correct Answer: False

Question 12
1 out of 1 points

Most enzymes are proteins, but not all proteins are enzymes.

Selected Answer: True
Correct Answer: True

Question 13
1 out of 1 points

Lipids with carbon-carbon double bonds tend to be more solid at room temperature.

Selected Answer: False
Correct Answer: False

Question 14
1 out of 1 points

Match column 1 with the items in column 2.

Question
Correct Match
Selected Match
All of the ecosystems of the Earth D. biosphere D. biosphere Communities interacting with non-living elements A. ecosystem A. ecosystem The building blocks of organelles B. molecule B. molecule The first level of organization that we can say is alive C. cell C. cell Members of the same species living in the same area E. population E. population Question 15
1 out of 1 points

Match column 1 with the items in column 2.

Question
Correct Match
Selected Match
A carbohydrate polymer E. polysaccharide E. polysaccharide Serve as cell surface receptors D. glycoproteins D. glycoproteins Transport fats throughout the body A. lipoproteins A. lipoproteins Found in hair and cartilage C. structural proteins C. structural proteins
The primary information-bearing molecule of life B.
DNA
B.
DNA

Chapter 1
Question 1
1 out of 1 points

When Pasteur tested the hypothesis of spontaneous generation, he compared the ability of a sterilized growth medium (meat broth) to produce a population of bacteria in two different types of flasks. One had a simple neck open to the outside, and the other had a "goose neck" bend that also was open to the environment. Pasteur expected that bacteria would appear in the flask with the standard neck. In this experiment, the standard neck flask served as a/an:

Selected Answer: control.
Correct Answer: control.

Question 2
1 out of 1 points

Evolution allows us to explain:

Selected Answer: both the diversity of life and how all living things are related.
Correct Answer: both the diversity of life and how all living things are related.

Question 3
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is a theory?

Selected Answer: There is molecular and biochemical evidence that all organisms are related.
Correct Answer: There is molecular and biochemical evidence that all organisms are related.

Question 4
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is true?

Selected Answer: A scientific theory explains what we know to this date about a natural event.
Correct Answer: A scientific theory explains what we know to this date about a natural event.

Question 5
1 out of 1 points

A good hypothesis must:

Selected Answer: be falsifiable.
Correct Answer: be falsifiable.

Question 6
1 out of 1 points

If you flip the light switch in your living room and nothing happens, what might be a good hypothesis to explain the absence of light?

Selected Answer: The circuit breaker for the living room might be the "off" position.
Correct Answer: The circuit breaker for the living room might be the "off" position.

Question 7
1 out of 1 points

Choose the answer that best describes the sequence of the scientific method.

Selected Answer: observation, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion
Correct Answer: observation, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion

Question 8
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is the correct order of complexity, going from least to most complex?

Selected Answer: atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ
Correct Answer: atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ

Question 9
1 out of 1 points

Biology developed as a science later than physics because:

Selected Answer: the living world is tremendously diverse compared to the non-living world.
Correct Answer: the living world is tremendously diverse compared to the non-living world.

Question 10
1 out of 1 points

A hypothesis must be supported by evidence.

Selected Answer: False
Correct Answer: False

Question 11
1 out of 1 points

The experiments of Louis Pasteur to disprove spontaneous generation illustrate the process of the scientific method.

Selected Answer: True
Correct Answer: True

Question 12
1 out of 1 points

A theory must be supported by evidence.

Selected Answer: True
Correct Answer: True

Question 13
1 out of 1 points

Most U.S.-grown corn is genetically modified.

Selected Answer: True
Correct Answer: True

Question 14
1 out of 1 points

Goats can be cloned to provide us with human medicines.

Selected Answer: True
Correct Answer: True

Question 15
1 out of 1 points

Match column 1 with the items in column 2.

Question
Correct Match
Selected Match
All of the ecosystems of the Earth A. biosphere A. biosphere Communities interacting with non-living elements B. ecosystem B. ecosystem The building blocks of organelles C. molecule C. molecule The first level of organization that we can say is alive D. cell D. cell Members of the same species living in the same area E. population E.
population