Historical Development of Organisational Behaviour
Organizational behavior is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structures have on behavior within an organization. It is an interdisciplinary field that includes sociology, psychology, communication, and management; and it complements the academic studies of organizational theory and human resource studies
Basic Functions –
Management operates through various functions, often classified as planning, organizing, staffing, leading/directing, and controlling/monitoring and motivation. * Planning :
Deciding what needs to happen in the future (today, next week, next month, next year, over the next five years, etc.) and generating plans for action. * Organizing : Pattern of relationships among workers, making optimum use of the resources required to enable the successful carrying out of plans. * Staffing : Job analysis, recruitment and hiring for appropriate jobs. * Leading/directing :
Determining what needs to be done in a situation and getting people to do it. * Controlling/monitoring :
Checking progress against plans. * Motivation :
Motivation is also a kind of basic function of management, because without motivation, employees cannot work effectively.
History – * F.W. Taylor and Scientific Management * Fayol * Hawthorne Studies * Theory X and Y
1. F.W. Taylor and scientific Management –
Taylor's scientific management consisted of four principles:
First. They develop a science for each element of a man's work, which replaces the old rule-of-thumb method.
Second. They scientifically select and then train, teach, and develop the workman, whereas in the past he chose his own work and trained himself as best he could.
Third. They heartily cooperate with the men so as to insure all of the work being done in accordance with the principles of the science which has been developed.
Fourth. There is an almost equal division of the work and the responsibility
Basic Functions –
Management operates through various functions, often classified as planning, organizing, staffing, leading/directing, and controlling/monitoring and motivation. * Planning :
Deciding what needs to happen in the future (today, next week, next month, next year, over the next five years, etc.) and generating plans for action. * Organizing : Pattern of relationships among workers, making optimum use of the resources required to enable the successful carrying out of plans. * Staffing : Job analysis, recruitment and hiring for appropriate jobs. * Leading/directing :
Determining what needs to be done in a situation and getting people to do it. * Controlling/monitoring :
Checking progress against plans. * Motivation :
Motivation is also a kind of basic function of management, because without motivation, employees cannot work effectively.
History – * F.W. Taylor and Scientific Management * Fayol * Hawthorne Studies * Theory X and Y
1. F.W. Taylor and scientific Management –
Taylor's scientific management consisted of four principles:
First. They develop a science for each element of a man's work, which replaces the old rule-of-thumb method.
Second. They scientifically select and then train, teach, and develop the workman, whereas in the past he chose his own work and trained himself as best he could.
Third. They heartily cooperate with the men so as to insure all of the work being done in accordance with the principles of the science which has been developed.
Fourth. There is an almost equal division of the work and the responsibility