The rifle was the most common and most accurate at the time. There were about five different types of rifles used during the civil war rifles, short rifles, repeating rifles, rifle muskets, and cavalry carbines. Each rifle was built for certain purpose. Such as the short rifle and the cavalry rifles were used for close quarter fighting. “”””””Cavalry carbines were simply short rifles designed to be used on horseback. Even with advancements within each rifle, a soldier was only able to shoot about two to three rounds before reloading. With the invention of the repeating rifle, the traditional firing routine was no longer effective.(The traditional firing routine was where soldiers would stand in a line and fire upon the enemy then kneel down and reload while the line of men behind them would fire.) Rifles like the Spencer rifle could contain a large number of self-contained rounds, increasing the firing rate of the rifle and protecting the rounds from the elements. By the end of the war, rifle and optics technology had progressed so far that it was possible to possess a rifle capable of accurate fire up to 1000 yards.””””””””However, at the beginning there wasn't enough weaponry for every soldier on the battlefield so for a time there were men that would use pikes but would soon be replaced as supplies grew.
Already by the initial signs of confrontation between the North and the South there existed five separate categories of artillery: field, siege and fortification, seacoast, mountain and prairie, and volley/rapid fire (Gatling). Field artillery was designed to be easily moved about in a shifting, dynamic, battlefield. To do so they were made to be lightweight, mobile, and of relatively small