motivation in organization
MOTIVATION The process of activating behavior, sustaining it, and directing it toward a particular goal. Motivation moves people to act and accomplish.
THEORIES OF MOTIVATION
Content Theories – are those that focus on analyzing the wants and needs of an individual.
1. Hierarchy of Needs Theory of Abraham Maslow
2. ERG Theory of Clayton Alderfer
3. Acquired Needs Theory of David L. McClelland
4. Two-Factor Theory of Frederick Herzberg
Hierarchy of Needs Theory of Abraham Maslow
1. Physiological needs - Which include hunger, thirst, shelter, sex, and other bodily needs
2. Safety needs - Which include security and protection from physical and emotional harm.
3. Social needs - Which include affection, belongingness, acceptance, and friendship.
4. Esteem needs - Which include internal esteem factors such as self-respect, autonomy, and achievement, and external esteem factors such as status, recognition, and attention.
5. Self Actualization - Refers to the drive to become what one is capable of becoming, which includes growth, achieving one’s potential, and self-fulfillment
ERG Theory of Clayton Alderfer
In motivating people, we are confronted by three sets of needs: existence (E), relatedness (R), and growth (G).
1. Existence – this refers to needs satisfied by such factors as food, air, water, pay, and working conditions.
2. Relatedness – this refers to the needs satisfied by meaningful social and interpersonal relationships.
3. Growth – this refers to the needs satisfied by an individual making creative or productive contributions.
Acquired Needs Theory of David L. McClelland
1. Need for achievement – this refers to the desire to do something better or more efficiently, to solve problems, or to master complex tasks.
2. Need for affiliation – which refers to the desire to establish and maintain friendly and warm relations with others.
3. Need for power – which refers to the desire to control others, to influence their behavior, or to be
THEORIES OF MOTIVATION
Content Theories – are those that focus on analyzing the wants and needs of an individual.
1. Hierarchy of Needs Theory of Abraham Maslow
2. ERG Theory of Clayton Alderfer
3. Acquired Needs Theory of David L. McClelland
4. Two-Factor Theory of Frederick Herzberg
Hierarchy of Needs Theory of Abraham Maslow
1. Physiological needs - Which include hunger, thirst, shelter, sex, and other bodily needs
2. Safety needs - Which include security and protection from physical and emotional harm.
3. Social needs - Which include affection, belongingness, acceptance, and friendship.
4. Esteem needs - Which include internal esteem factors such as self-respect, autonomy, and achievement, and external esteem factors such as status, recognition, and attention.
5. Self Actualization - Refers to the drive to become what one is capable of becoming, which includes growth, achieving one’s potential, and self-fulfillment
ERG Theory of Clayton Alderfer
In motivating people, we are confronted by three sets of needs: existence (E), relatedness (R), and growth (G).
1. Existence – this refers to needs satisfied by such factors as food, air, water, pay, and working conditions.
2. Relatedness – this refers to the needs satisfied by meaningful social and interpersonal relationships.
3. Growth – this refers to the needs satisfied by an individual making creative or productive contributions.
Acquired Needs Theory of David L. McClelland
1. Need for achievement – this refers to the desire to do something better or more efficiently, to solve problems, or to master complex tasks.
2. Need for affiliation – which refers to the desire to establish and maintain friendly and warm relations with others.
3. Need for power – which refers to the desire to control others, to influence their behavior, or to be
References: Human Behavior in Organization, Roberto G. Medina, Ph.D, Rex Book Store http://blog.majoriumbusinesspress.com/ http://www.mindtools.com/