Principles of Magement
PRINCIPLE OF MANAGEMENT Management defined
Perceptive of Managers: There are many definitions of management but most perceptive managers are convinced that it is an organized effort of people whose purpose is to achieve the objectives and goals of an organization. Of course, it is not that simple. To gain a better understanding of management, let’s review the ideas and views expressed by academicians and practitioners. Management as a “Process”: McFarland defines management as “A process by which managers create, direct, maintain and operate purposive organization through systematic, coordinated, cooperative human efforts”. An important tern in this definition is “Process”. This term emphasis the dynamic or on going nature of management, an activity over varying span of time. The dynamic nature implies that change is reality of organizational life. In managing organizations, managers create changes adopt organizations to changes and implement changes successfully in their organizations. Businesses fail and become bankrupt because managers fail in their attempt to cope with the change. Management as “coordination”: Donally, Gibson and Ivancevich also support the view of management as a process but their stress in more on co-ordination. According to them, “Management is a process by which individual and group effort is coordinated towards group goals”. In order to achieve goals, coordination is essential and management involves securing and maintaining this coordination. This coordination effort is also stressed in the definition of Koontz and O’Donnell. According to them, “Management is a process of designing and maintaining an environment in which, individuals, working together in groups efficiently and effectively accomplish group goals”. Management as a “Function”: There are those who view management as a function rather than a process. Dunn, Stephens and Kelly contend that “Management is a role which includes a set of duties, responsibilities, and
Perceptive of Managers: There are many definitions of management but most perceptive managers are convinced that it is an organized effort of people whose purpose is to achieve the objectives and goals of an organization. Of course, it is not that simple. To gain a better understanding of management, let’s review the ideas and views expressed by academicians and practitioners. Management as a “Process”: McFarland defines management as “A process by which managers create, direct, maintain and operate purposive organization through systematic, coordinated, cooperative human efforts”. An important tern in this definition is “Process”. This term emphasis the dynamic or on going nature of management, an activity over varying span of time. The dynamic nature implies that change is reality of organizational life. In managing organizations, managers create changes adopt organizations to changes and implement changes successfully in their organizations. Businesses fail and become bankrupt because managers fail in their attempt to cope with the change. Management as “coordination”: Donally, Gibson and Ivancevich also support the view of management as a process but their stress in more on co-ordination. According to them, “Management is a process by which individual and group effort is coordinated towards group goals”. In order to achieve goals, coordination is essential and management involves securing and maintaining this coordination. This coordination effort is also stressed in the definition of Koontz and O’Donnell. According to them, “Management is a process of designing and maintaining an environment in which, individuals, working together in groups efficiently and effectively accomplish group goals”. Management as a “Function”: There are those who view management as a function rather than a process. Dunn, Stephens and Kelly contend that “Management is a role which includes a set of duties, responsibilities, and