Thermodynamics: Pituitary Definitions
Pituitary Anterior – Located in the base of the brain attached to the hypothalamus.
Growth Hormone(GH) – Stimulates an increase in size and rate of division of body cells; enhances movement of amino acids through membranes; promotes growth of long bones.
Prolactin (PRL) – Sustains milk production after birth; amplifies effect of LH in males.
Thyroid-stimulating Hormone (TSH) – Controls secretion of hormones from the thyroid gland.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) – Controls secretion of certain hormones from the adrenal cortex.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FHS) – Development of egg-containing follicles in ovaries; stimulates follicular cells to secrete estrogen; in males, stimulates production of sperm cells.
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) – Promotes secretion of sex hormones; release egg cell in females. …show more content…
Pituitary Posterior – Located in the base of the brain attached to the hypothalamus.
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) – Causes kidneys to reduce water excretion; in high concentrations, raises blood pressure.
Oxytocin (OT) – Contracts muscles in uterine wall and those associated with milk-secreting glands.
Thyroid Gland – In front of trachea below larynx.
Thyroxine (T ) – Increases rate of energy release from carbohydrates; increases rate of protein synthesis; accelerates growth; stimulates activity in the nervous system.
Triiodothyronine (T ) – Same as above, but five times more potent than thyroxine.
Calcitonin – Lowers blood calcium and phosphate ion concentrations by inhibiting release of calcium and phosphate inos from bones and by increasing the rate at which calcium and phosphate ions are deposited in bones; increases excretion of calcium by the kidneys.
Parathyroid – On back of thyroid.
Parathormone (PTH) – Increases blood calcium ion concentration and decreases phosphate ino concentration through actions in the bones, kidneys, and intestines.
Adrenal Medulla – Inner top part of the
kidney.
Epinephrine –
Norepinephrine –
Adrenal Cortex – Outer top of the kidney.
Aldosterone – Helps regulate the concentration of extracellular electrolytes by conserving sodium ions and excreting potassium ions.
Cortisol – Decrease protein synthesis, increase fatty acid release, and stimulates glucose synthesis from noncarbohydrates.
Adrenal androgens – Supplement sex hormone from the gonads; may be converted into estrogens.
Pancreas – Posterior to stomach, attached to small intestine.
Insulin – Promotes formation of glycogen from glucose, inhibits conversion of noncarbohydrates into glucose, and enhances movement of glucose through adipose and muscle cell membranes, decreasing blood glucose concentration; promotes transport of amino acids into cells; enhances synthesis of proteins and fats.
Somatostatin – Helps regulate carbohydrates.
Glucagon – Stimulates the liver to break down glycogen and convert noncarbohydrates into glucose; stimulates breakdown of fats.
Pineal – Above thalamus.
Melatonin –
Thymus – Between lungs.
Thymosin –
Ovaries – Pelvic Cavity
Estrogen –
Progesterone –
Testis – Pelvic Cavity
Testosterone -
Growth Hormone(GH) – Stimulates an increase in size and rate of division of body cells; enhances movement of amino acids through membranes; promotes growth of long bones.
Prolactin (PRL) – Sustains milk production after birth; amplifies effect of LH in males.
Thyroid-stimulating Hormone (TSH) – Controls secretion of hormones from the thyroid gland.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) – Controls secretion of certain hormones from the adrenal cortex.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FHS) – Development of egg-containing follicles in ovaries; stimulates follicular cells to secrete estrogen; in males, stimulates production of sperm cells.
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) – Promotes secretion of sex hormones; release egg cell in females. …show more content…
Pituitary Posterior – Located in the base of the brain attached to the hypothalamus.
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) – Causes kidneys to reduce water excretion; in high concentrations, raises blood pressure.
Oxytocin (OT) – Contracts muscles in uterine wall and those associated with milk-secreting glands.
Thyroid Gland – In front of trachea below larynx.
Thyroxine (T ) – Increases rate of energy release from carbohydrates; increases rate of protein synthesis; accelerates growth; stimulates activity in the nervous system.
Triiodothyronine (T ) – Same as above, but five times more potent than thyroxine.
Calcitonin – Lowers blood calcium and phosphate ion concentrations by inhibiting release of calcium and phosphate inos from bones and by increasing the rate at which calcium and phosphate ions are deposited in bones; increases excretion of calcium by the kidneys.
Parathyroid – On back of thyroid.
Parathormone (PTH) – Increases blood calcium ion concentration and decreases phosphate ino concentration through actions in the bones, kidneys, and intestines.
Adrenal Medulla – Inner top part of the
kidney.
Epinephrine –
Norepinephrine –
Adrenal Cortex – Outer top of the kidney.
Aldosterone – Helps regulate the concentration of extracellular electrolytes by conserving sodium ions and excreting potassium ions.
Cortisol – Decrease protein synthesis, increase fatty acid release, and stimulates glucose synthesis from noncarbohydrates.
Adrenal androgens – Supplement sex hormone from the gonads; may be converted into estrogens.
Pancreas – Posterior to stomach, attached to small intestine.
Insulin – Promotes formation of glycogen from glucose, inhibits conversion of noncarbohydrates into glucose, and enhances movement of glucose through adipose and muscle cell membranes, decreasing blood glucose concentration; promotes transport of amino acids into cells; enhances synthesis of proteins and fats.
Somatostatin – Helps regulate carbohydrates.
Glucagon – Stimulates the liver to break down glycogen and convert noncarbohydrates into glucose; stimulates breakdown of fats.
Pineal – Above thalamus.
Melatonin –
Thymus – Between lungs.
Thymosin –
Ovaries – Pelvic Cavity
Estrogen –
Progesterone –
Testis – Pelvic Cavity
Testosterone -