To What Extent Do Monarch Push Or Reject Constitutionalism
Explain to what extent do monarchs push or reject constitutionalism. The rejection of constitutionalism by Charles I’s sour relationship with the Parliament and Oliver Cromwell’s dissolving of Parliament, along with the acceptance of constitutionalism through the Glorious Revolution during the reign of William and Mary all resulted in a strong English power and newly reinforced parliamentary rights. Charles I did not go along with the parliament. He took a serious hit during his 22 years as king. He began to give into extra parliamentary resorts such as, new tariffs and duties and collection of discontinued taxes. This angered the parliament as taxes were being illegally collected for an already unfortunate war and one that involved France
as well as Spain. The parliament responded by making the king’s appeal for new funds only possible if he accepted the Petition of Right. Charles accepted it, but there was doubt over whether he would keep his word. In 1629, Parliament tried to limit royal prerogative. They tried to limit the king’s lavish spending and extreme power. Charles responded by circumventing Parliament and did not call it again until 1940. In 1637, the Scots rebelled and Charles was forced to call up Parliament. But they wanted Charles to agree to their terms. He dissolves them again. But, since the Scots invaded England, he was forced to agree to certain terms. The parliament passed the Trianal Act. This act would hold war advisors accountable and if found at fault, they would be put to death. It would also get rid of the Star Chamber. Charles accepted it because he needed money. 1642-1649, open civil war rages through England. Charles is exposed as a fraud. England was left divided into the North and West ruled by the king and the South and East. Oliver Cromwell is identified as a man of high morality and virtue. He and his men were willing to tolerate an established majority church but only if Protestant dissenters could worship outside it. Cromwell’s New Model Army defeat’s the king at Naseby. On January 30, 1949, Cromwell puts Charles I to death as a public criminal. At this point the civil war was transformed into a revolution. 1649-1660, England became a Puritan republic, this time period called the Interregnum. Cromwell was not a politician. He was not happy with the function ability of the Parliament. Parliament wanted to disband Cromwell’s army of 50,000 which he responded by dissolving Parliament. Thus he began his rule as Lord Protector. His militant mind resulted in chaos and commercial downfall throughout England. The public did not enjoy his Puritan prohibitions of drunkenness, theatergoing and dancing. Religion became more important than politics. He also did not accept Atheists. Cromwell dies in 1658. He left as a believer of democracy however a critic would state him as a power-hungry individual. He stated that the killing of Charles I was a “cruel necessity”. In 1689, parliament proclaimed William and Mary as the new king and queen. This completed the bloodless Glorious Revolution. They signed a Bill of Rights. It in turn limited the powers of the monarchs and gave privileges to higher English classes. Therefore, monarchs would be subjected to law under the Parliament. Parliament could not be suspended by the king, it would meet regularly every 3 years and was free from monarch’s reprisal. There could be no standing army during peacetime. There was freedom to worship any religion of choice. And taxes would have parliamentary approval. England’s economic and military recourses came into balance against France. The influence of Charles I, Oliver Cromwell and William & Mary led to the end of absolute monarchy. There is now a balance of power between sovereigns and monarchs. The Cabinet System continues still today. Constitutionalism whether supported or rejected, leads to a reinforcing of parliamentary rights in England.
as well as Spain. The parliament responded by making the king’s appeal for new funds only possible if he accepted the Petition of Right. Charles accepted it, but there was doubt over whether he would keep his word. In 1629, Parliament tried to limit royal prerogative. They tried to limit the king’s lavish spending and extreme power. Charles responded by circumventing Parliament and did not call it again until 1940. In 1637, the Scots rebelled and Charles was forced to call up Parliament. But they wanted Charles to agree to their terms. He dissolves them again. But, since the Scots invaded England, he was forced to agree to certain terms. The parliament passed the Trianal Act. This act would hold war advisors accountable and if found at fault, they would be put to death. It would also get rid of the Star Chamber. Charles accepted it because he needed money. 1642-1649, open civil war rages through England. Charles is exposed as a fraud. England was left divided into the North and West ruled by the king and the South and East. Oliver Cromwell is identified as a man of high morality and virtue. He and his men were willing to tolerate an established majority church but only if Protestant dissenters could worship outside it. Cromwell’s New Model Army defeat’s the king at Naseby. On January 30, 1949, Cromwell puts Charles I to death as a public criminal. At this point the civil war was transformed into a revolution. 1649-1660, England became a Puritan republic, this time period called the Interregnum. Cromwell was not a politician. He was not happy with the function ability of the Parliament. Parliament wanted to disband Cromwell’s army of 50,000 which he responded by dissolving Parliament. Thus he began his rule as Lord Protector. His militant mind resulted in chaos and commercial downfall throughout England. The public did not enjoy his Puritan prohibitions of drunkenness, theatergoing and dancing. Religion became more important than politics. He also did not accept Atheists. Cromwell dies in 1658. He left as a believer of democracy however a critic would state him as a power-hungry individual. He stated that the killing of Charles I was a “cruel necessity”. In 1689, parliament proclaimed William and Mary as the new king and queen. This completed the bloodless Glorious Revolution. They signed a Bill of Rights. It in turn limited the powers of the monarchs and gave privileges to higher English classes. Therefore, monarchs would be subjected to law under the Parliament. Parliament could not be suspended by the king, it would meet regularly every 3 years and was free from monarch’s reprisal. There could be no standing army during peacetime. There was freedom to worship any religion of choice. And taxes would have parliamentary approval. England’s economic and military recourses came into balance against France. The influence of Charles I, Oliver Cromwell and William & Mary led to the end of absolute monarchy. There is now a balance of power between sovereigns and monarchs. The Cabinet System continues still today. Constitutionalism whether supported or rejected, leads to a reinforcing of parliamentary rights in England.