Cyclohexanol Aim: To prepare an alkene‚ cyclohexene‚ by the dehydration of an alcohol‚ cyclohexanol‚ and better understand the processes that take place during this reaction. Introduction: One of the common ways of preparing an alkene is through the dehydration of an alcohol. In this experiment cyclohexanol is dehydrated to prepare cyclohexene while using sulfuric acid as a catalyst. A bromine test can be later done to ensure that the end product is an alkene. Procedure: The procedure
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The reason it is able to react with the Maleate alkene is due to the presence of the ester groups. these groups are allowing the maleate to resonate and pull the electrons from the alkene towards the esters creating partial positive charges on the carbons of the carbon-carbon double bonds formed next to the carbon-oxygen bonds. Pbu3 can attack these partial positive
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solubility Boiling points increase as intermolecular attractive forces increase. For the alkanes‚ which are non-polar hydrocarbons‚ the intermolecular forces are induced dipole forces. In the case of the alcohols‚ the intermolecular forces include induced dipole forces‚ dipole forces‚ and hydrogen bonding. Induced dipole forces increase with increasing molecular weight‚ so the boiling points of the straight chain alkanes increase as the number of carbon atoms in the chain increases. Therefore pentane
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Name : ……………………………………………………………….. Date Due : …………………………………………………………….. Year 12 80% A 70% B AS Level Chemistry 60% C 2008 – 2009 50% D 40% E Below U Questions on % Haloalkanes 2.8 32 1. Chloromethane can be prepared by a reaction between methane and chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet radiation. (i) Outline the mechanism for this reaction. .....................................................................................
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Biochemistry- The Basics An Atom is the basic unit of a chemical element ( smallest unit for measuring chemical & physical properties) Smallest particle of an element is an atom A Particle is a small portion of matter Matter is composed of elements___ Matter makes up everything in the universe. An Element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance. ex. carbon‚ hydrogen‚ etc A molecule is a group of atoms bounded together ex O2 A chemical compound
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P. Stonebraker Organic Chemistry II lecture UCB Extension Spring 2013 Extra Credit Report Papers Paper is strictly optional. Write a 4-6 page paper on a subject approved by the instructor (either picked from the list below or picked by yourself). Emphasis in the paper should be on the organic chemistry associated with the subject (how it is synthesized‚ uses‚ etc.). No two students can research the same subject. Maximum value of the paper will likely in the 20-40 point range‚ depending
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Alkenes by Elimination Kyle Peterson Chem. 243a Matt Judd‚ Sec. 25 Date Performed: 11/12/03 Abstract: The objective of this experiment is to successfully perform a dehydration of a 2-butanol and a dehydrohalogenation of 2-bromobutane to form the products 1-butene‚ trans-2-butene‚ and cis-2-butene. It was found that a dehydration of 2-butanol yielded 4.6% 1-butene‚ 67.3% trans-2-butene‚ and 28.1% cis-2-butene‚ and a dehydrohalogenation of 2-bromobutane yielded 19.1% 1-butene‚ 69.9% trans-2-butene
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Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize isopentyl acetate via an esterification reaction between acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol‚ using concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The product was washed with sodium hydrogen carbonate‚ as well as with water‚ then dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The product was then distilled using a Hickman still and characterized using infrared spectroscopy. The percent yield of isopentyl acetate was 61.52%. This may have been low due to
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Dehydration of an alcohol • Preparation of an alkene • Distillation • Unsaturation tests THEORY An acid-catalyzed dehydration is a common way to synthesize an alkene from an alcohol. Use of a strong acid like sulfuric or phosphoric acid serves to protonate the alcohol "OH" group‚ forming an H2O molecule that is a much better leaving group. As the water leaves the starting material‚ a proton is also lost in an elimination process. The end result is the alkene product. The chemical equation that describes
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From the table‚ the result of dehydration of secondary alcohol is expected‚ and it undergoes E1 elimination. As supposed in the theory and mechanism‚ because elimination can occur both sides of secondary carbocation‚ so there are three products: 1-butene‚ trans-2-butene and cis-2-butene with three peaks. The main product is trans-2-butene‚ because it is the most stable compound. However‚ the result of dehydration of primary alcohol is not expected. It is supposed to form only one product‚ 1-butene
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