Alloy - An alloy is a substance made by melting two or more elements together‚ at least one of them a metal. An Example: Examples of alloys include brass‚ bronze‚ 14k gold‚ and sterling silver. covalent bond - A covalent bond is a chemical link between two atoms in which electrons are shared between them. An Example: There is covalent between the oxygen and each hydrogen in (H 2 O). Each of the bonds contains two electrons - one from a hydrogen atom and one from the oxygen atom. Both atoms
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Chemistry IGCSE Paper 6 revision guide You can change the temperature and concentration used (not both at the same time though) You need to keep the diameter of the conical flask the same‚ if it is thinner then the cross will disappear sooner‚ the cross also has to be the same‚ volumes too (This set up is mostly if you want to test the gases‚ otherwise you can use the standard set up) The limestone cycle: 1. Burn the limestone
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Alanine (ala‚ A) (neutral‚ non-polar) Arginine (arg‚ R) (basic‚ polar) Asparagine (asn‚ N) (neutral‚ polar) Aspartic Acid (asp‚ D) (acidic‚ polar) Cysteine (cys‚ C) (neutral‚ slightly polar) Glutamic Acid (glu‚ E) (acidic‚ polar) Glutamine (gln‚ Q) (neutral‚ polar) Glycine (gly‚ G) (neutral‚ non-polar) Histidine (his‚ H) (basic‚ polar) Isoleucine (ile‚ I) (neutral‚ non-polar) Leucine (leu‚ L) (neutral‚ non-polar) Lysine (lys‚ K) (basic‚ polar) Methionine (met‚
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w w ap eP m e tr .X w om .c s er SYLLABUS Cambridge IGCSE® Cambridge International Certificate* Chemistry 0620 For examination in June and November 2014 *This syllabus is accredited for use in England‚ Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate. University of Cambridge International Examinations retains the copyright on all its publications. Registered Centres are permitted to copy material from this booklet for their
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Lab #2 (Part A‚B) Due date: Oct 5‚ 2010 1 - Theory and mechanism Epoxidation is a reaction of an alkene with a peroxycarboxylic acid (also called peracid) to produce an epoxide product‚ generally performed in inert solvents‚ such as dichloromethane. The epoxide product is a cyclic ether in which the ring contains three atoms. The alkene gains an oxygen from the peracid in a syn fashion. In this experiment‚ R-(－)-carvone is reacting with MCPBA‚ a peracid‚ to produce the epoxide product.
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eliminated the reaction yields an alkene in which the un-protonated alcohol serves as the reaction solvent. This experiment then called for the distillation of this mixture‚ using a distillation apparatus. As this distillation took place the products‚ alkenes and water continuously distilled from the reaction mixture into a Hickman still as they were formed. The removal of these elements shifted the equilibrium to the right‚ ultimately increasing the yield of alkene‚ this is also known as Le Chatelier’s
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107 oC 1.18 g/ml Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 84.007 g/mol Decomposes at melting point unknown 2.159 g/ml Diethyl ether C2H5OC2H5 74.12 g/mol 34.6 °C −116.3 °C 0.7134 g/ml In this lab we use electrophilic addition of a hydrogen halide to an alkene to make 2-bromo-2-methylbutane. Electrophilic addition
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located around 1900 cm-1 indicates the presence of a benzene ring. For the product‚ the peaks located just over 3000 cm-1 indicate carbon hydrogen bonds. The weak carbon-carbon double bond peak located at 1621 cm-1 indicates the presence of a trans alkene. This is also supported by the peak located at 964.93 cm-1‚ the trans isomer peak. The two peaks at 1621.31 and 1516.29 cm-1 along with the overtones located around 1900 cm-1 indicates the presence of a benzene ring. Based on this data‚ it can be
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cyclobutadiene has 4 electron (2pairs) so it’s not aromatic • cyclooctatetraene has 16 e (8 pairs) it also isn’t planer (it has a tub shape) so it’s not aromatic • sp3 hybridized atoms doesn’t have P orbitals not aromatic aromatic not aromatic Not aromatic Not aromatic Cycloheptatriene cyclopentadiene • cyclopentadiene cation is not aromatic because it has only 2 pairs of electrons •
Free Atom Electron Ion
Introduction : "Aromatic" and "aromatic compound" sidetrack here. For implications identified with odor‚ see fragrance compound. Two distinctive reverberation types of benzene (top) consolidate to create a normal structure (base) In natural science‚ the term aromaticity is utilized to depict a cyclic (ring-molded)‚ planar (level) particle that shows strange dependability when contrasted with other geometric or connective game plans of the same arrangement of iotas. As an aftereffect of their security
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