Grignard Synthesis of Triphenylmethanol Aim The aim of this experiment was to prepared Grignard reagent (phenylmagnesium bromide) from bromobenzene and magnesium‚ to use the reagent prepared to synthesise a tertiary alcohol (triphenylmethanol) by reacting reagent and ester (methyl benzoate)‚ and the product formed is analyse by infrared spectroscopy (IR)‚ melting point‚ thin layer chromatography (TLC)‚ gas chromatography mass spectrum (GCMS) and finally Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. Introduction
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reactions‚ and several reagents that catalyze the reaction according to the functional group it works on. For primary alcohols‚ several reagents can be used: • The Jones reagent (CrO3/H+‚ Cr2O72-/H+‚ H2CrO4)‚ • Potassium permanganate (KMnO4/-OH or H+)‚ • Collins reagent (CrO2/Pyridine “PCC” (no water present) Secondary alcohols use the same reagents as primary alcohols. Tertiary alcohols are resistant to oxidation. For the aldehydes‚ the Tollins reagent (Ag(NH3)2 is used in
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test‚ and interpret reactions in the oxidase test. Purpose is to determine if the bacterium has cytochrome c oxidase in its electron transport chain. Materials: 1 paper towel‚ loops‚ oxidase reagent dropper‚ E.coli‚ Pseudomonas Aeruginosa. Procedure: Take each organism on a loop and add the oxidase reagent to each loop. The area with
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Today‚ we have to learn basic laboratory techniques‚ such as handling the reagents‚ using Gilson pipettes etc‚ study and try to identify chemical tests for food compounds. Materials and methods Reagents Monosaccharaides (glucose‚ fructose‚ maltose)‚ sucrose (disaccharide) Starch (polysaccharide)‚ egg albumin (protein) DCPIP‚ Vitamin C Olive oil + Sudan III Ethanol (highly flammable) Iodine solution (irritant) Benedicts reagents KOH + CuSO4 HCl (irritant) Honey solution Apple juice solution Milk solution
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experiment was to synthesize the Grignard reagent‚ phenyl magnesium bromide‚ and then use the manufactured Grignard reagent to synthesize the alcohol‚ triphenylmethanol‚ by reacting with benzophenone and protonation by H3O+. The triphenylmethanol was purified by recrystallization. The melting point‚ Infrared Spectroscopy‚ 13C NMR‚ and 1H NMR were used to characterize and confirm the recrystallized substance was triphenylmethanol. Introduction A Grignard reagent is a type of organometallic‚ which consists
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oxidation. Sodium hypochlorite was used instead of the less “green” Jones reagent. Borneol was mixed with glacial acetic acid and oxidized with sodium hypochlorite to make crude camphor. The crude camphor was purified by sublimation. The final product was characterized by obtaining a melting point and inferred spectroscopy. The experiment was carried out to see if bleach could oxidize borneol and if it is greener than using a Jones reagent. Sure enough camphor was made with a 4.03 g of unsublimed camphor
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SUBJECT: CLINICAL CHEMISTRY TITLE: TOTAL BILIRUBIN & DIRECT BILIRUBIN LABORATORY: 19 & 20 INTENDED USE: 1. For the quantitative determination of total bilirubin in serum 2. For the quantitative determination of direct bilirubin in serum INTRODUCTION: One part of bile is a yellow (or brownish) substance called bilirubin. Bilirubin starts out as a product of the breakdown of red blood cells. When red blood cells break down‚ the heme molecule is converted into bilirubin
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Keywords acid value vegetable oils indirect titration A new method of acid value determination in vegetable oils has been developed. The method is based on (a) simple‚ rapid and complete extraction of acids from an oil test portion into reagent (0.05 mol dm–3 triethanolamine (B) in the mixture of 50 % H2O + 50 % 2-PrOH) and (b) indirect titration of acids in BH+ form against aqueous alkali in the presence of a phenolphthalein indicator. Suitable metrological parameters of acid value determination
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kidneys‚ or other regions of their bodies. The dialysate contains waste matter that flows from the blood our of the dialysis tubing. Question/aim of lab: To test the solutions inside and outside the dialysis tubing with Benedict’s solution‚ Iodine reagent and silver nitrate solution to find out what has remained in the dialysis tubing‚ and which solutes have diffused through the semi permeable membrane and into the dialysate. Hypothesis: The sodium chloride will definitely pass through the semi
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4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine CONDITIONS: METHOD: REAGENTS: A. 50 mM Potassium Phosphate Buffer‚ pH 6.5 at 25° C (Prepare 50 ml in deionized water using Potassium Phosphate‚ Monobasic‚ Anhydrous‚ Sigma Prod. No. P5379. Adjust to pH 6.5 at 25° C with 1 M KOH.) 1 mM L-Tyrosine Solution (Prepare 100 ml in deionized water using L-Tyrosine‚ Free Base‚ Sigma Prod. No. T-3754.) Tyrosinase Enzyme Solution (Immediately before use‚ prepare a solution containing 500 - 1‚000 units/ml of Tyrosinase in cold Reagent A.) T = 25° C‚ pH = 6
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