harvested at the end of the experiment was 1.19g with the percentage yield of 37.8%. The melting point observed from the product ranged from 133°C to 137°C. Introduction Acetylsalicylic acid or commonly known as aspirin is an organic compound belong to ester group with condensed structural formula of CH3COOC6H4COOH. (2) (2) C6H4(OCOCH3)COOH 3D model of chemical structure of aspirin Aspirin derived from salicylic acid is categorized as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs. It is commonly used
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Chemical Engineering and Processing 46 (2007) 774–780 Reactive distillation: The front-runner of industrial process intensification A full review of commercial applications‚ research‚ scale-up‚ design and operation G. Jan Harmsen a‚b a Shell Global Solutions‚ Shell Research and Technology Center Amsterdam‚ P.O. Box 38000‚ 1030 BN Amsterdam‚ The Netherlands b RijksUniversiteit Groningen‚ Nijenborgh 4‚ 9747 AG Groningen‚ The Netherlands Received 19 June 2007; accepted 20 June 2007 Available
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features certain principles that still apply to prebiotically plausible compounds. More specifically‚ when simple compounds containing hydroxyl and carboxylic acid moieties are dissolved in water and dried at elevated temperature under acidic conditions‚ esters can be formed. ψD was designed so that intramolecular esterification (i.e.‚ a lactonization) is possible. This
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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO IMPROVE THE PERFOMANCE OF NEEM OIL BIO DIESEL FUELLED SINGLE CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINE USING LPG INDUCTION SYSTEM Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree Of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY In AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING By HARSHAL AGARWAL (11108037) MITHUN GUPTA (11108054) OM PRAKASH KUMAWAT (11108065) Under the guidance of Dr. B NAGALINGAM (Professor‚ Department of Automobile Engineering) FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY SRM UNIVERSITY (under section 3 of
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In the experiment‚ 0.3 g of mixture was dissolved in 3 mL of t-butyl methyl ether in a centrifuge tube. Then‚ 2 mL of 0.5 M NaHCO3 was added‚ shaken for one minute‚ and allowed to sit for two minutes so the layers could separate. The lower water layer was removed with a Pasteur pipette and placed in a test tube labeled “Acid.” Next‚ 0.5 mL of distilled water was added to wash the ether layer in the centrifuge tube and then discarded. 2 mL of 0.5 M NaOH was added to the remaining layer‚ shaken for
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functional group‚ and fatty acid. Triglycerides can vary in size and structure depending on the fatty acid attached. Glycerol is theoretically three ester bonds. In the experiment the ester bonds are broken down through a process called saponification. The product of this reaction is soap. An alcohol and carboxylic acid are also produced when an ester bond is broken. While under basic conditions the negative carboxylic acid and positive ions produce a Carboxylate salt of the fatty acid. Therefore
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Organic Chemistry Basic Ideas: Carbon chains: Straight chains and branched chains‚ Numbering of chains and branches. Carbon Rings: Cyclic Molecules‚ Aromatic Compounds Types of Organic reactions: Combustion Addition Substitution Condensation Oxidation What is organic chemistry? Carbon compounds. Methane CH4 Hexane C6 H14 Ethane C2H 6 Heptane C7 H16 Propane C3H 8 Octane C8 H18 Butane C4H10 Nonane C9H20 Pentane C 5 H12 Decane C1 0 H22 Alkanes: Saturated Hydrocarbons
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stick will affect its longevity. Hypothesis: The glow sticks will last longer when they are frozen than when they are at room temperature. Background information: Glow sticks are made of hydrogen peroxide‚ a phenyl oxalate called ester‚ and phosphorescent dye. The ester and phosphorescent dye are kept in one part of the glow stick‚ the hydrogen peroxide in the other‚ separated by a piece of glass. No chemical reaction occurs until the glass breaks‚ combining the chemicals together inside the tube
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Dissolve the solid in exactly 4 mL tert-butyl methyl ether of. Add exactly 2 mL of water‚ cap the tube and shake. Let the mixture stand until two layers are formed. Remove the aqueous layer. Wash the organic layer two more times with exactly 2 mL of water (each time). After the final wash
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Biodiesel It refers to a vegetable oil- or animal fat-based diesel fuel consisting of long-chain alkyl (methyl‚ propyl or ethyl) esters. Biodiesel is typically made by chemically reacting lipids (e.g.‚ vegetable oil‚ animal fat (tallow[1][2])) with an alcohol producing fatty acid esters. Biodiesel is meant to be used in standard diesel engines and is thus distinct from the vegetable and waste oils used to fuel converted diesel engines. Biodiesel can be used alone‚ or blended with petro diesel
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