METALS Lose electrons and form positive cations. NON-METALS gain electrons and form negative anions. IONS Are charges particles. EXMAPLES Atomic Notation and Bohr Diagrams Lewis Dot Diagram Examples Lewis Dot Diagrams of an Negative ION (NON-METAL) Negative ions have 8 valence electrons! Lewis Dot Diagram of an Ionic Compound Lewis Dot Diagrams of an Positive ION (METAL) Positive Ions have no valence electrons! The Octet Rule REMEMBER! All elements want
Premium Ion Chemical bond Atom
have such a pale pink tone that it was difficult to decide whether that could have been a precipitate or the lighting in the area where the experiment took place. Ultimately‚ our lab group came to the decision that no reaction occurred. C - Which anions generally form precipitates? What are exceptions? Results indicate that all but one of the sodium carbonate/bicarbonate mixtures produced a precipitate‚ the exception was when NaHCO3 was combined with Co(NO3)2 or cobalt nitrate. Furthermore‚
Premium Chemistry Chemical reaction Solubility
AP Biology notes: Chapter 2- The Chemical Context of Life 1. Overview * The bombardier beetle fights the ants that plague it by using chemistry. * The natural systems and environment that organisms live in involves chemistry and physics. * Biology is not the only category of science. There is also chemistry‚ physics‚ and engineering. * Organization of life is separated into a hierarchy of structural levels. 2. Elements and Compounds * Matter- anything that takes up
Free Atom
reactions with Chloride should have been soluble and they were. All Bicarbonate were in soluble‚ these I thought were soluble‚ until I moved it over dark paper. Carbonate and Hydroxides were all insoluble percipitante. Negative Ion (Anions) | Positive Ions (Cations) | Solubility of Compounds | All negative ions are_____with | Alkali ions ( Li+‚ Na+‚ K+ etc) | Soluble | All negative ions are ____ with |
Premium Ion Solubility Sodium chloride
Common electrolytes that are measured by doctors with blood testing include sodium‚ potassium‚ chloride‚ and bicarbonate. The functions and normal range values for these electrolytes are described below. Sodium Sodium is the major positive ion (cation) in fluid outside of cells. The chemical notation for sodium is Na+. When combined with chloride‚ the resulting substance is table salt. Excess sodium (such as that obtained from dietary sources) is excreted in the urine. Sodium regulates the total
Premium Electrolyte Sodium chloride Ion
Excellent Polar Solvent H2O H++OH- • 7 Resistivity 18.24 M @25 C Impurities in Water Suspended Matter • • Microorganisms Dust Dissolved Gases • • • Oxygen Carbon Dioxide Chlorine Ions • • • • Cation Anion Heavy Metal Silica Organics • 8 TOC The UPW generation process is a series of chemical
Premium Water Reverse osmosis Water purification
Chapter 2 Terms Matter - anything that takes up space and has mass. Element - substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions. Compound - substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio. Essential Element - the 20-25% of the 92 natural elements an organism needs to live a health life and reproduce. Trace Elements - required by an organism only minute quantities. Atom - the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties
Free Atom
VINEGAR (ACETIC ACID) AS ALTERNATIVE BATTERY Battery or more precisely‚ a cell – is a device in which the reaction between two substances can be made to occur in such a way that some of the chemical energy is converted to useful electricity. Since its invention‚ the battery has become the most common power source for many household and industrial applications. There are many ways to construct a battery‚ as well as ways to control its generated output. This Home-made Vinegar Battery is a battery
Premium Electric charge Electricity Acetic acid
than electrons. This makes the atom turn into a positive ion which is known as a cation. The opposite of this is known as an anion‚ which is when an atom gains electrons and becomes an ion that is negative. Non-metals form anions and metals form cations. Through the duration of the lab‚ the indentification of ion charge is explored. For example‚ iron is an atom that has the ability to either form a 2+ cations or 3+ cations. Moreover‚ naming an ion is another important
Premium Ion Molecule Atom
the water molecules actually react with the cation from the weak base. For example‚ when ammonium chloride‚ NH4Cl‚ hydrolyzes‚ water molecules react with the NH4+ ion: NH4+ + 2H2O ----------> NH4OH + H3O+ The formation of the H3O+ (hydronium) ion from this reaction makes the solution acidic. Salts formed from a weak acid and a strong base hydrolyze to form a solution that is slightly basic. In this kind of hydrolysis‚ it is the anion from the weak acid that actually reacts with
Premium Acid PH Ammonia