The progress of the reaction was monitored in my case using two TLC plate. It first started off with the spotting of Standard benzoin and benzil which were provided in the lab and followed by the addition of the reaction mixture at once it starts changing colour/boiling‚ then at 10 and 20 mins into the reflux. Once all the necessary steps were spotted‚ the TLC plate was placed in in a beaker containing CH₂Cl₂(methylene chloride)‚ which was used as the developing solvent in this experiment. To check
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Some Chemical Reactions in Everyday Life Science being a subject of common interest‚ it is very intriguing to analyze visual experiments happening in day-to-day life. There are a plethora of products that you use everyday‚ which are formulated with application of chemical reaction. Say for example; toothpaste‚ soap‚ shampoo‚ cleaning agent‚ etc. are all results of chemical reactions. Following are some of the most profound chemical reactions‚ which we encounter in everyday life : Aerobic
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Experiment 7: A Study of Chemical Changes: Types of Chemical Reaction INTRODUCTION Chemical changes are results of chemical reactions. All chemical reactions involve a change in substance and a change in energy. They are either chemical elements or compounds. A chemical reaction rearranges the constituent atoms of the reactants to create different substances as products. There are different types of chemical reaction classified into 4 general types‚ namely‚ Synthesis‚ Decomposition
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REAGENTS INVESTIGATION Aim: To determine the limiting reagent and percent yield of the reaction between potassium iodide with lead (II) nitrate solution. Apparatus required: Safety glasses‚ funnel stands‚ watch glass‚ oven‚ electronic balance‚ wash bottle with distilled water‚ test tubes‚ 10.0mL 0.50M lead (II) nitrate‚ 10.0mL 0.30M of potassium iodide solution‚ two 100.0 mL beakers‚ funnel‚ filter paper. Reaction Involved in Experiment: 2KI + Pb(NO3)2
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the Concentration of a Reactant Can Affect the Rate of Reaction Aim To plan an investigation that allows me to measure the effect of increasing the concentration of a reactant on the rate of reaction. With the results generated‚ it is also hoped to draw accurate conclusions and explain the results using scientific knowledge. Introduction Some reactions are fast‚ for example neutralisation or burning magnesium in air to produce magnesium oxide. However‚ other reactions can be slow‚ for example
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AKS Review: Moles AKS Correlation 9c. Apply concepts of the mole and Avogadro’s number to conceptualize and calculate: -empirical/molecular formulas -mass‚ moles‚ and molecules relationships In all calculations that follow‚ SHOW ALL WORK AND USE SIGNIFICANT FIGURES. 1. Write Avogadro’s number in standard and in scientific notation. 2. What is a mole? 3. (a) In your own words‚ what is molar mass? (b) Find the molar mass of the following: Fe
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Chapter 3 Important Chemical Concepts: Expressing Quantities and Concetrations I. Important Units of Measurement A. SI Units (International System of Units) SI Base Units Physical Quantity Name of Unit Abbreviation Mass kilogram kg Length meter m Time second s Temperature kelvin K Amount of substance mole mol Electric Current ampere A Luminous Intensity candela cd Prefixes for Units giga- G 109 mega- M 106 kilo- k 103 deci-
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Mole Examples (Avogadro’s Revenge) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 23 Astronomers estimate that there is a mole (6.02 x 10 ) of stars in the universe. One mole of high school chemistry textbooks would cover the USA to a depth of about 320 km (200 miles). Water flows over Niagara Falls at about 650‚000 kL (172‚500‚000 gallons) per minute. At this rate it would take 134‚000 years for one mole of water 23 drops (6.02 x 10 drops) to flow over Niagara Falls. Avogadro’s number (6
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1 mole of any substance can be defined as: Amount of a substance that contains as many particles (atoms‚ molecules or ions) as there are atoms in 12 g of the 12C isotope Avogadro number or Avogadro constant (NA); equal to 6.022 × 1023 particles Example − 1 mole of oxygen atoms = 6.022 × 1023 atoms 1 mole of carbon dioxide molecules = 6.022 × 1023 molecules 1 mole of sodium chloride = 6.022 × 1023 formula units of sodium chloride Molar mass of a substance can be defined as: Mass of one mole
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Does concentration affect the speed of chemical reactions? Problem: We are proving that “concentration” (the amount of reactants) is one of the things that can affect the speed of chemical reactions. We are also finding a way to keep the lid on the film canister for the longest period of time. We are using vinegar and water as reactants and changing the concentration every time to see the difference between the rates of reactions speed. Materials: - 1 graduated cylinder - 1 film canister
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