Beach Channel High School Dr. David Morris‚ Principal The Living Environment Laboratory Study Guide The Living Regents Examination is at 9:00 a.m. on Friday January 26‚ 2007 Lab Activity 1 - Relationships and Biodiversity In this lab‚ students are introduced to classification and the importance of biodiversity. Organisms are according to similar characteristics. Some of these characteristics are physical (structural) and others are Biodiversity is the amount of the different organisms
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* Restriction endonucleases- recognize specific sequence of DNA and break phosphate-sugar bond. * Liagase- rejoins phosphate-sugar bonds cuts by endonucleases. * Reverse transcript-makes a DNA copy of RNA. * Analysis of DNA * Gel electrophoresis- separates DNA fragments based on size. * Nucleic acid hybridization and phrobes- probes based pair with complementary sequence used to detect specific sequences. * DNA sequence- reading the sequence of nucleotides in a stretch of DNA
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reaction‚ or PCR. PCR produces millions of copies for each DNA segment of interest and thus permits very minute amounts of DNA to be examined. The resulting PCR products are then separated. The separation methods used today include slab gel and capillary electrophoresis. Fluorescence detection methods have greatly aided the sensitivity and ease of measuring PCR-amplified samples. The specific methods used for DNA typing are validated by individual laboratories to ensure that reliable results are obtained
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making changes in the DNA code of a living organism‚ working almost the same. It has many purposes including clones‚ perfect humans and cures for genetic diseases. Gel electrophoresis is a powerful tool used for separation and analysis of macromolecules and their fragments‚ based on their size and charge. You place the DNA in the gel. DNA is a long‚ strand-like molecule where genes are written in genetic code. Extracted enzymes recognize and extract the DNA at a specific sequence. Transgenic
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A. Fermentation Lab- The basic process Prepared 3 beakers with contents listed below. ( a. Beaker 1: glucose only b. Beaker 2: Starch only c. Beaker 3: Starch + amylase). Poured contents of each beaker into its respective fermentation tube‚ ensuring the tail portion of the tube was filled with liquid. Placed tubes in an incubator at 37 degrees‚ measuring distance between tip of tube tail to fluid level at 20‚ 40‚ and 60 minute intervals. Calculated gas volume using this distance along with radius
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control plant was digested with EcoRI‚ and then separated by electrophoresis on 0.8% agarose gel. Digestion profile was checked with 1µg DNA‚ with single cutter enzymes EcoRI (10U) in T-DNA region. For southern experiment‚ 20µg DNA was digested overnight. Restricted fragments were separated on 0.8% agarose gel at 40V for 8 h. De-purination (0.25N HCl) was done in glass pot for 15 min with shaking at room temperature. Subsequently rinse the gel in autoclaved distill water two times for 10 min interval
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Name ______________________________________ Virtual Lab Report: Part I Due by: 11:59 PM PST on the second Saturday of class Virtual Lab 1: Virtual Microscopy A. Estimate the size (length and width) of these microscopic objects in micrometers (microns): 1. An E. Coli cell. 3 x 0.6 um =1.8 um 2 A mitochondrion. 4 x 0.8 um = 3.2 um 3. A Red blood cell. 8 um 4. A virus. _Hepatitis 45 nm = .045 um 5. A water molecule. 275 pm =.275 um B. 1 Describe three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic
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Most lipid-anchored proteins are attached to the inner side of a plasma membrane by covalent linkage to a fatty acid or prenyl group. • A useful technique for studying membrane proteins is SDS-PAGE ( sodium dodecyl sulfate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). In this method‚ the role of SDS is to coat the proteins with a negative charge. • Lectins are proteins that bind sugars and have been useful in the study of glycoproteins. • You discover an integral membrane protein that has amino acid residues
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handle the microbiological components of these processes. In this study‚ the composition and structure of microbial communities in acid mineral bioleaching systems have been studied using a PCR-based cloning approach. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of PCRamplified 16S rRNA gene fragments from bacteria was used to evaluate the changes in the bacterial community in the process of chalcopyrite bioleaching in a shaken flask system. The results revealed that the bacterial
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infection. The agglutination test involves taking the culture of antigens mixed with antibodies and examining it under a microscope to see if clumping occurs. The precipitation test determines the similarity of antigens. The antibodies are placed in agar gel with the antigens. A line forms where the two interact. Antigens are microorganisms that have the potential to cause infection in the body. When the body is exposed to an antigen‚ it produces antibodies that are designed to fight the specific antigen
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