Bromination of Aromatic Compounds Introduction: The experiment focuses on finding out what kind of activating effects that four different substituents will have on an aromatic benzene ring. The substituents being tested are aniline‚ anisole‚ acetamide (acetanilide)‚ and phenol. All four of these groups are either para or ortho activating. Bromination is the reaction that will be carried out. The melting point ranges of the final products will be taken in order to determine their identities and reactivity
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MBB 110 2nd Part Energy Generation/Transport For eukaryotes‚ mitochondria generates energy. For prokaryotes‚ cell membrane performs energy synthesis Glycolysis ATP is needed Glucose Pyruvate Net production of 2 ATP Citric acid cycle Substrate level phosphorylation Electron Transport Chain Occurs in cell membrane Sequence involve repair organization Anaerobic respiration: NOT O2 Aerobic respiration: O2 final acceptor ATP is produced by the Proton Motive Force Chemiosmosis H+ accumulates
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000 years of age less than 1% of the 14C is left in the bone and thus it is not useful for determining the exact age beyond that. 3. Hydrolysis - A chemical reaction where a chemical is broken down by a reaction with water. Hydrolysis is important for the digestion of food‚ making it biologically important. 1. Condensation - The opposite of hydrolysis‚ when two molecules form one. In most biochemical reactions water is produced when the molecules join. Condensation reactions are used to
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On the other hand‚ the peak area of CYPZ was decreased by 24.4%. CYPZ degradation products peaks appeared at 2.91‚ 3.16 and 5.63 minutes and they were well resolved from OXP and CYPZ peaks. Neutral hydrolysis OXP was found to be stable under neutral condition and its peak area remained unchanged. CYPZ peak area decreased by 21.8 %‚ its degradation peak appeared at 2.91 minutes which is completely resolved from the neighboring peaks of OXP and CYPZ.
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Chapters 2.8-2.10: alcohols‚ halogenoalkanes‚ mechanisms and spectra Consolidation questions 1. Give the names of the two primary alcohols with the molecular formula C4H10O. butan-1-ol 2-methyl propan-1-ol 2. Write the equation‚ using state symbols‚ for the reaction of ethanol with sodium. CH3CH2OH(l) + Na(s) CH3CH2O-Na+(alc) + ½ H2(g) 3. Name the organic product above. Sodium ethoxide 4. Give the names and structural formulae for the two possible products
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Case Study Summaries Case 1: J. Wellington Wimpy. Wimpy’s burger meal likely contained simple carbohydrates from the white flour bun‚ sugars in the ketchup‚ and saturated fats from the beef patty and cheese slice. Conversely‚ his turkey sub meal after the transformation likely provided complex carbohydrates from the whole wheat sub roll‚ lower amounts of saturated fats with high amounts of unsaturated fats in the turkey breast slices‚ and unsaturated fats from the veggies. Carbohydrates‚ which
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PHARMACOGNOSY REVIEWER In pharmacognosy‚ drugs may be classified based on morphology‚ chemical constituents and therapeutic applications (NOT price in the market) Factors that influence secondary constituent: heredity‚ ontogeny‚ environment Chromatography: process based on distribution of mixture between 2 phases General Information Discoverers/Scientists Joseph Caventou & Pelletier Quinine antimalarial Pierre Robiquet Codeine/Narcotine Philip Geiger & Rudolf Brandes Hyoscyamine and
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flammability limits‚ but the flash point is 348.8 degrees Farenheit in closed cup. National Fire Protection rates flammability of Tyrosine a 1. (“Msds Safety data”‚ 2005) Primary‚ Seconday‚ Tertiary & Quaternary Structures Dehydration & Hydrolysis 4 Bonds Of The Tertiary Structure -Hydrophobic: when amino acids come together to form the interior of a molecule to repel contact with water. -Van der Waals interacion: weak electrical bond that attracts molecules to each other. -Ionic:
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Experiment : 1 Title : Order of Reaction: Kinetics Study of Hydrolysis Reaction of Methyl Formate Using An Acidic Ion Exchanger. Objectives : 1. To study the effect of high activation energy upon k values of methyl formate. 2. To report the rate law expression for decomposition of methyl formate. 3. To determine the integrated rate law for methyl formate. 4. To demonstrate how rate constants vary with temperature and activation energy. Chemicals and Apparatus : 1. Methyl formate (m
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Unit 1: Biochemistry Review Chemical Bonding Three types of bonds Ionic bond: 2 oppositely charged atoms (Na and Cl) Polar covalent: Unequally shared electrons (H and O) Non polar covalent: Equally shared electrons (C and C) or similar electronegativity Electronegativity and chemical bonding Electronegativity is a measure of the strength in which an atom can attract electrons. A difference of < 0. 5 is non polar covalent bond A difference of 0.5 – 1.7 is polar covalent bond A difference of > 1
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