BACKROUND INFORMATION Organic chemistry is the study of hydrocarbons and their various deviations. (Ex. natural gas‚ paper‚ proteins‚ carbohydrates) Saturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons with carbon-carbon single bonds. (Ex. C-C) Unsaturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons with one of more multiple carbon-carbon bonds. (Ex. C=C double bond‚ triple bond‚ or both) Stereoisomers have the same molecular and structural formulas but different orientations of atoms in space. Constitutional isomers
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How Monomers Differ a. Monosaccharide – simple sugar‚ monomer i. Carbonyl group serves as a distinguishing feature 1. At end of molecule‚ forms an aldehyde sugar (aldose) 2. In middle of molecule‚ forms a ketone sugar (ketose) ii. Presence of a carbonyl group along with multiple hydroxyl groups provides an array of functional groups in sugars iii. Number of carbons also varies in monosaccharides 3. Trioses (3)‚ pentoses (5)
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amongst diet pills. In this day and age‚ people are drawn to the idea of a miracle pill that can make you thin. Advertising companies use this to their advantage by posting promos all over the web. One in particular caught my attention: raspberry ketones. I’ll be honest and say that I’m amongst the group that is curious about diet pills‚ so I decided to do a little research myself. The hype came after Dr. Oz’s review‚ touting it the “Fat burner in a bottle.” The video gives
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engineers production business health‚ safety‚ environment specialists – control engineers‚ environmental scientists‚ consultants/ etc Table 2 Role of Teams in developing a new process selection Chemist Yield Purity Selectivity By-product identification Mechamism Chem.Eng. Flow sheet Heat & mass transfer Process costs Equipment choice Product isolation Production SHE Operability Emissions Convenience for Waste treatment shifts Operator safety Regulatory compliance Materials
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episodes of hypoglycemia‚ associated with ketonuria‚ in an otherwise healthy child‚ usually occurring after food deprivation.[2] The hypoglycemia is associated with raised ketone bodies and free fatty acids with suppressed insulin levels.[3] The most likely cause is an imbalance in the suppression of glucose utilization by ketone bodies and a limited rate of hepatic glucose production.[4] Diagnosis requires exclusion of other causes of hypoglycemia‚ particularly GH deficiency‚ hypopituitarism‚ adrenocorticotropic
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glycosides which are acetals are not reducing sugars. A reducing sugar is any sugar that‚ in basic solution‚ forms some aldehyde or ketone. This allows the sugar to act as a reducing agent‚ for example in the Maillard reaction and Benedict’s reaction. Reducing sugars include glucose‚ glyceraldehyde‚ lactose‚ arabinose and maltose. All monosaccharides which contain ketone groups are known as ketoses‚ and those which contain aldehyde groups are known as aldoses. Significantly‚ sucrose is not a reducing
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laboratory work on a patient scheduled for surgery shows a fasting blood glucose of 200mg/dl. Results of the routine urinalysis are: Color pale yellow Protein 1+ Blood negative Appearance Clear Glucose Trace Urobilinogen normal Sp. Gravity 1.030 Ketones trace Nitrite negative pH 5.0 Bilirubin negative Leukocyte negative 1. Explain the correlation between the patient’s blood and urine results. The renal threshold for glucose is exceeded. 2. What is the most probable metabolic disorder associated
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it did equal 148.09 g mol -1. This means that the empirical formula is also the molecular formula. As 12.01x10 carbons +1.008x12 hydrogens + 16= 148.09 09 g mol -1. From this knowledge the unknown molecule must include either an alcohol‚ aldehyde‚ ketone‚ ether or methoxy- functional group. Secondly it is important to calculate the degrees of unsaturation in the molecule. The degrees of unsaturation
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Benedict’s Test for Reducing Sugars) Reducing sugars contain an aldehyde functional group or ketone group in open chain form which can be converted into aldehyde easily. Both Fehling’s test and Benedict’s test are used to determine and identify the presences of reducing sugars in a solution. All monosaccharides are reducing sugars as well as some easily hydrolyzed disaccharides as they possess the free aldehyde or ketone group to be
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Experiment2: Preparation of Dibenzalacetone Aim: Using the cabon-cabon bond making ability in carbonyl chemistry‚ Dibenzalacetone is synthesized from 2 equivalent of benzaldehyde and 1 equivalent of acetone in a base catalyzed reaction. Physical Data1: *detailed risk and safety phrases are attached. substance Hazards‚ risks and safety practices MW (g/mol) Amt. Used Mol. mp (K) bp (K) density(g/cm^3) acetone R11‚ R36‚ R67‚ S9‚ S25‚ S26 58.08 0.24 g 0.004 178.2 329.4 0.79 benzaldehyde R22
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