ELECTROPLATING Electroplating is the application of electrolytic cells in which a thin layer of metal is deposited onto an electrically conductive surface. Electroplating is a plating process that uses electrical current to reduce cat ions of a desired material from a solution and coat a conductive object with a thin layer of the material‚ such as a metal. Electroplating is primarily used for depositing a layer of material to bestow a desired property (e.g.‚ abrasion and wear resistance‚ corrosion
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1. PAPER BATTERY 1.1 INTRODUCTION Traditionally‚ electronics have been designed around their batteries. The batteries form a significant part of many electronic devices. Typical electrochemical batteries or cells convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Batteries based on the charging ability are classified into primary and secondary cells. Secondary cells are widely used because of their rechargeable nature. Presently‚ battery takes up a huge amount of space and contributes to a
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measure pressure- barometer • A sealed bottle that is half full of water‚ equilibrium will be attained when water molecules evaporate and condense at equal rates. • Polar- can tell the difference non polar- cant tell • Ionic is m+non metallic m+m covalent non+non • 2 types of intermolecular forces are van der walls & hydrogen bonds. • Ionization energy- E is required to remove an e- • Electronegivity- desire for electrons highest closer the the right • Highest ionization
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compounds. These categories are ionic‚ molecular and metallic substances. In ionic compounds valence electrons are transferred from one atom to another‚ resulting in formation of ions of opposite charge. Metals will lose electrons to form cations (positively charged) and non-metals can gain electrons to form anions (negatively charged); these oppositely charged ions attract each other and form an ionic compound Because the attraction of the ions is so strong‚ ionic compounds are always solid at room
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Structures (YouTube references at the end) Procedure for Neutral Molecules (CO2) 1. Decide how many valence (outer shell) electrons are posessed by each atom in the molecule. 2. If there is more than one atom type in the molecule‚ put the most metallic or least electronegative atom in the center. Recall that electronegativity decreases as atom moves further away from fluorine on the periodic chart. Arrangement of atoms in CO2: 3. Arrange the electrons so that each atom contributes one electron
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repulsing forces between positive nuclear - high temperatures and high-pressure needed. Periodicity - repeating patterns within the periodic table & regular pattern in a property as you go from left to right across a period. Electrical conductivity - metallic elements good conductors Density - increases to a maximum in group 3‚ then falls. Ionisation enthalpy - Group 1-troughs - Group 0-peaks. Melting and boiling points - peaks group 4 - increases up to Group
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A polymer‚ metal‚ or ceramic could be potentially used for a knee implant. Each has its own benefits and disadvantages‚ because of this each material is utilized for a different part of the knee replacement. The three parts of the knee replacement are depicted in Figure 1 and are the femoral component‚ the plastic surface‚ and the tibial plate. The material that is the best fit to use for a biodegradable friendly knee replacement wouldn’t be a metal‚ though currently most common used‚ because when
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University of Guyana Faculty of Natural Sciences Department of Chemistry CHM 222- Physical Chemistry (2012) Lecturer: Mr. Patrick Ketwaru Assignment # 2 Corrosion of Metals Table of Contents Assignment Question Discuss the process of corrosion of metals‚ the various forms of corrosion and the implications (technical‚ economic‚ social‚ etc.) of corrosion in current society both locally and on a worldwide scale. Introduction
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094g Calculate the moles of copper‚ this is the mass of copper (in g) divided by the atomic mass of copper‚ (63.5 g/mol) Moles of copper = mass (g) ÷ (63.5 g/mol) = 0.017g/mol Copper description Solid ribbons‚ of a reddish-brown metallic appearance. HNO3 description Clear transparent aqueous solution with a similar viscosity to water Notes and observations on the reaction An exothermic chemical reaction occurred as the 8 M nitric acid solution was dispensed into the
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Relative to electrons and electron states‚ what does each of the four quantum numbers specify? 4. Give the electron configurations for the following ions: P5+‚ P3-‚ Sn4+‚ Se2-‚ I- and Ni2+. 5. Potassium iodide (KI) exhibits predominantly ionic bonding. The K+ and I- ions have electron structures that are identical to which two inert gases? 6. Without consulting the periodic table‚ determine whether each of the electron configurations given below is
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