The main purpose of this lab is to experiment the molecular polarity on the solubility of solutes in variates of solvents and helped us to determine the polarity of the unknown solute. In this lab‚ we observed the effects of adding polar liquid solutes to non-polar liquid solvents. Materials used: Safety goggles 3 graduated cylinders ethanol‚C2H5OH solid iodine‚ I2 glycerol‚ C3H5(OH)3 water 10 rubber stoppers 10 test tubes kerosene ammonium chloride
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Chemical Reactions Lab Objectives: 1. To examine a variety of reactions including precipitation‚ acid-base‚ gas forming‚ and oxidation-reduction reactions. 2. To identify the products formed in these reactions and summarize the chemical changes in terms of balanced chemical equations and net ionic equations. 3. To identify the species being oxidized and reduced in oxidation-reduction reactions and determine which species is the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent. Chemical equations represent
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Solubility Product Determination Purpose • To determine the solubility product constant‚ Ksp‚ of an ionic compound. Introduction The solubility product constant‚ Ksp‚ is a particular type of equilibrium constant. The equilibrium is formed when an ionic solid dissolves in water to form a saturated solution. The equilibrium exists between the aqueous ions and the undissolved solid. A saturated solution contains the maximum concentration of ions of the substance that can dissolve at
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Effect of Temperature on Solubility Lab Purpose: What is the solubility of minerals in water? What is the relationship between temperature and solubility? Hypothesis: If salt and sugar are each tested in water of varying temperatures‚ then salt and sugar’s solubility will increase as the temperature also increases. Materials: Two 250 mL beakers Tap water 100 mL graduated cylinder Hot plate Two petri dishes Glass stirring rod Salt Sugar Thermometer
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Project on Saturated Solutions: Measuring Solubility iC BS E.c om Index 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Certificate Acknowledgement Objective Introduction Basic concepts Materials and Equipment Experimental Procedure Observation Conclusion Result Precautions Bibliography iC BS E .co m CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the Project titled ’Saturated solutions: Measuring Solubility ’ was completed under my guidance and supervision by Roll No. ________
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group of four reactions‚ Iron phosphate and calcium phosphate are the two products that are insoluble in water. In the three of the four reactions a cloudy white or yellow formed. This indicated the formation of a precipitate‚ caused by the generally insoluble phosphate anion. Potassium chloride‚ Iron nitrate‚ and potassium sulfate where the products which were soluble in water. With these products there was no evidence of a precipitate forming. 2. Based on the results from reactions A and B for
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Introduction: Solubility equilibrium refers to the dissolution of a compound in water. Specifically‚ the degree to which a compound is soluble (Tro‚ 739). This can be measured using the expression Ksp = [Mb+]a[Xa-]b‚ in which Ksp represents the solubility product constant (Thorne‚ 90). This constant is important because it does not change at a given temperature‚ regardless of the solution a compound is in; a smaller constant would indicate lower overall solubility. It is important to note that
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experiment is to identify the periodic trends in the solubility of the alkaline earth metals and compare the results to that of lead Materials 1. Pencil 2. Lab notebook 3. 5 small test tubes 4. Droppers Chemicals 1. 0.2 M Mg(NO3)2 2. 0.2 M Ca(NO3)2 3. 0.2 M Sr(NO3)2 4. 0.2 M Ba(NO3)2 5. 0.2 M Pb(NO3)2 6. 1 M NaOH 7. 0.2 M NaBr 8. 0.2 M NaI 9. 0.2 M Na2SO4 10. 0.1 M Na2CO3 11. 0.2 M Na2C2O4 12. 1 M NaCl Data and Results Mg(NO3)2 Ca(NO3)2 Sr(NO3)2 Ba(NO3)2 Pb(NO3)2 NaOH
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How do ionic bonds form? Transferring the electron forms an ionic bond. After transferring the electron‚ the two atoms become ion n will attract together because they have the opposite charges. Then an ionic bond is formed. How do covalent bonds form? A covalent bond is for sharing of electrons. I remember it like co-existing electrons to share (Eg H20). It is usually between two non-metals. Which compound‚ sugar or salt‚ is a better conductor of electricity? Explain your answer. Salt
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also sometimes called dissolution‚ is the process of attraction and association of molecules of a solvent with molecules or ions of a solute. As ions dissolve in a solvent they spread out and become surrounded by solvent molecules. Example: As an ionic compound dissolves‚ such as NaCl‚ the ions become surrounded by the solvent‚ say H2O(water) molecules. The ions are said to be ’solvated’ as they become surrounded by the solvent‚ similar to a hoard of bees surrounding a nest. The solvation process
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