maximally literal translation‚ and involves replacing items whose roots are in the SL culture with elements that are indigenous to the TL. The translator exercises a degree of choice in his or her use of indigenous features‚ and‚ as a consequence‚ successful translation may depend on the translator’s command of cultural assumptions in each language. Cultural Transposition We shall use the general term cultural transposition as a cover-term for the various degrees of departure from literal translation
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Figurative Language versus Literal Language Sharon D. Dove Strayer University October 29‚ 2012 Author Note We use language to communicate with each other regardless of where we live in this world. We can either speak or write literally or figuratively. In literal language we say or write exactly what we mean while in figurative language our meaning is less obvious. In the following pages we will look at some of the figurative language adopted by the English language. For each term I
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sometimes shite in Scotland‚ Northern Ireland‚ Ireland‚ Northern England and Wales) is used by English speakers‚ but it is usually avoided in formal speech. Minced oath substitutes for the word shit in English include sugar and shoot. In the word’s literal sense‚ it has a rather small range of common usages. An unspecified or collective occurrence of feces is generally shit or some shit; a single deposit of feces is sometimes a shit or a piece of shit‚ and to defecate is to shit‚ to take a shit and
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Then he gives a poetic translation of the following: Бу гулгун юзлар‚ бу оппок куллар Бухоронинг зар олтинидан хам‚ Самарканднинг гавхаридан хам Купрок рохат багишлайди. In literal translation John gives an exact translation of every word‚ gives the Eastern color‚ all the qualities of the language are perfectly kept in the interpretation. And in the poetic translation William Johns takes into account the demands of the English
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events Open ending Surrender? Acting surprised? Chronological order no flashbacks‚ forshadowing‚… Slow narrative tempo Tone Mood: Lonely feeling Dark humour - only in the beginning Reliable author Nurse – warm tone Title Literal translation Makes no sense until the end Turning point
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dynamic approach to the translation of specific texts. We understand a ‘dynamic’ concept and approach to translation to be textual‚ communicative‚ and functional as opposed to a ‘static’ concept and approach which may be defined as linguistic and literal. Several theoretical models that have been proposed support this concept in Translation Studies‚ e.g. dynamic equivalence (Nida 1964‚); equivalence of meaning in the interpretive theory of translation (Seleskovitch 1968‚ Seleskovitch and Lederer
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anymore. The writer Riley Frost says that poetry is lost in translation. Poetry is a good example for the use of connotations. A connotation is defined as a meaning of a word or phrase that is suggested or implied‚ as opposed to a denotation‚ or literal meaning. It is a characteristic of words or phrases‚ or of the contexts that words and phrases are used in. If
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Adaptation In adaptation‚ the translator works on changing the content and the form of the ST in a way that conforms to the rules of the language and culture in the TL community. In general‚ this procedure is used as an effective way to deal with culturally-bound words/expressions‚ metaphors and images in translation. That is‚ the translator resorts to rewriting the SLT according to the characteristics of the TLT. Monia Bayar (2007)[16] argues that adaptation is based on three main procedures:
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and technological knowledge; the need for a new approach to the process of teaching and learning is certainly felt in translator and interpreter training programs around the world as well. How best to bring student translators up to speed‚ in the literal sense of helping them to learn and to translate rapidly and effectively? How best to get them both to retain the linguistic and cultural knowledge and to master the learning and translation skills they will need to be effective professionals?
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Faiz Ahmed Faiz‚ prominent Urdu poet of 20th century‚ has been translated into different languages such as English‚ Russian and German etc. He is widely read through translation of his poetic works. His poems have been well rendered to English by translators‚ both native English and Indians or poets from subcontinent. Through my much long query to the translators of Faiz Ahmed Faiz‚ I came across numerous translators of his works. The list goes this like: Victor G. Kiernan‚ Imdad Hussain‚ Vikram
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