reddish-brown gas that is irritating to the lungs. Air toxics are chemicals such as benzene. “Benzene is used as a constituent in motor fuels; as a solvent for fats‚ waxes‚ resins‚ oils‚ inks‚ paints‚ plastics‚ and rubber; in the extraction of oils from seeds and nuts; and in photogravure printing. It is also used as a chemical intermediate. Benzene is also used in the manufacture of detergents‚
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reactions which is strong acid-weak base titration and weak acid-strong base titration will be investigated. Materials Chemicals 0.1M Hydrochloric acid‚ 0.1M acetic acid‚ 0.1M sodium hydroxide‚ 0.1M ammonium hydroxide‚ phenolphthalein‚ screened methyl orange‚ methyl orange Apparatus 100mL Beakers‚ 250mL Conical flasks‚ 50mL Burettes‚ 25mL Pipettes‚ Pipette fillers‚ Funnels‚ pH meters Procedure The experiments are carried out according to the procedures that stated in Experiment (1): Investigation of the
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This experiment involved a substitution reaction to perform synthesis of 2-phenylethanol to get (2-bromoethyl)benzene. Using NaBr in an acidic solvent of H2SO4 with H2O present‚ this synthesis was possible. Subsequent evaluations using TLC and then analyzed samples by Gas Chromatography were done to evaluate the results. Using SN2 reactions‚ primary alcohol is going to be converted to alkyl halide. Since the reaction can be reversed‚ the strong sulfuric acid was to make sure the product would indeed
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Observations * all literature values were obtained at www.sigmaaldrich.com Chemical Volume (mL) Mass (g) Density (g/mL) Molecular Weight (g/mol) Methyl-3-nitrobenzoate - 0.1178 - 181.15 Methyl benzoate 2.00 - 1.088 136.00 Sulfuric Acid 0.60 - 1.840 98.08 Nitric Acid 0.15 - 1.510 63.01 Chemical MP Exp. (°C) MP lit (°C) Methyl-3-nitrobenzoate 72.6-75.7 78.0-80.0 Mmole Calculations: HNO3 (16M)- 0.15 mL* (0.016 mole/mL) = 0.0024 mole* (1000 mmol/mole) = 2.4 mmoles
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Transportation is the largest single source of air pollution Today’s on-road vehicles produce over a third of the carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides in our atmosphere and over twenty percent of the global warming pollution. This air pollution carries significant risks for human health and the environment. Through clean vehicle and fuel technologies‚ we can significantly reduce air pollution from our cars and trucks‚ while cutting projected U.S. oil use in half within the next 20 years. Cars and
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Abstract By adding HCl to 2-methyl-2-butanol‚ through the Sn1 mechanism‚ 2-chloro-2-methylbutane is formed. Water‚ sodium bicarbonate and NaCl(aq) were then added to the 2-chloro-2-methylbutane to remove any of the excess water from the reaction. To confirm‚ a successful reaction‚ AgNO3 was added to the 2-chloro-2-methylbutane. A white precipitate formation confirmed a successful Sn1 reaction. Introduction Nucleophilic substitution reactions such as Sn1 and Sn2 allow us to convert one functional
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or tertiary (3° ). If the OH is bonded to only one other carbon‚ it is a primary alcohol (eg. 1-butanol); if bonded to two other carbons‚ it is a secondary alcohol (eg. 2-butanol); if bonded to three other carbons‚ it is a tertiary alcohol (eg. 2-methyl-2-propanol). Due to the placement of the hydroxyl functional group in each of the degrees of alcohol‚ the reactivity of each should be impacted. This means that all three alcohols should have a different level of reactivity. The hydrogen atom
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name for A) 3-Methyl-4-hexyne B) 4-Methyl-2-hexyne C) 2-Ethyl-3-pentyne D) 4-Ethyl-2-pentyne E) 3-Methyl-2-hexyne 3. What is the IUPAC name for this compound? A. cis-1-ethyl-2-methylethene B. trans-2-pentene C. 1-methyl-butene D. trans-methylbutene E. cis-2-pentene *4. A correct IUPAC name for the following compound is: A) 3‚6‚7-trimethyl-4-bromo-1-octene B) 4-bromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl-1-heptene
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These polymers can be viewed as either PE with exclusively methyl branching‚ or copolymers of ethylene and propylene. These materials were synthesized in two forms: (1) homopolymers having methyl branches at precise increments‚ and (2) random copolymers with 1‚9-decadiene with a statistical distribution of methyl branches along the PE backbone. The thermal properties of these two materials are distinctly different. The precisely spaced methyl-branched ADMET polymers display a much sharper melting transition
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food that we eat to check if it is safe to use for us humans and not harm us. With pH‚ products have become safer and less harmful to our environment and ourselves. Materials Various indicators ● Bro blue ● Phe red ● Met red ● Methyl blue ● Met orange ● Methyl yellow Various unknowns Watch trays Procedures 1. Take 6 indicators that are all different colors. 2. Take the 4 unknowns numbered 14 3. Take a watch tray and wash it down before using it. 4. Put the indicator that is numbered 1in 6 slots on the watch tray
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