Accepted November 23‚ 2010; Published Online December 14‚ 2010 Methyl ester derivatives of fatty acids were analyzed for the determination of the constituents of Datura seed oil. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer was used for these analyses. Results delivered that there were saturated as well as unsaturated fatty acids in Datura alba seed oil. Total of 15 different fatty acid components were identified and quantified. Methyl linoleate was found in highest concentration (16.22%) among the
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acetylene was also done in this experiment. The properties of the formed acetylene such as the reaction of the acetylene as it undergo Ammoniacal silver nitrate test‚ Bromination and oxidation. The reagents that were used to perform this experiment were benzene‚ cyclohexane‚ concentrated H2SO4‚ Calcium Carbide‚ 1.0 M Br2 in CCl4‚ cyclohexane‚ and 1.0 M KMnO4. The apparatuses that were used are micro test tubes‚ 2.0 mL pipet‚ iron clamp‚ 8-in test tube‚ evaporating dish‚ water trough‚ small corks‚ and iron
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curve‚ corresponding to the above three stages. Reactions (1) and (3) can be indicated by phenolphthalein and that of reaction (2) can be indicated by methyl orange. Stoichiometry confines each of the above pH reactions to react according to a mole ratio of 1 : 1. This means‚ say from equation (2)‚ the number of mole of HCl(aq) determined from the methyl orange titration is equal to the number of mole of NaHCO3(aq). Likewise‚ total number of moles of NaOH(aq) and Na2CO3(aq) in the solution mixture can
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of bromophenol blue. 2. To construct a standard concentration curve of bromophenol blue. 3. To determine the concentration of the unknown bromophenol blue solutions. 4. To determine the concentration of two different solutes‚ bromophenol blue and methyl orange in a mixture. Materials and Methods: Refer to Biological Science practical manual page 5-11. Results: Part 1: Determination of Amax of bromophenol blue The wavelength with maximum absorbance reading form the graph is 590nm. Part 2: The
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Synthesis of p-Nitroacetanilide (electrophilic aromatic substitution) In this experiment‚ we convert acetanilide to p-nitroacetanilide. [pic] The mechanism for the nitration is that of electrophilic aromatic substitution. The nitronium ion is directed to the positions ortho and para to the acetamido (-NHCOCH3) group. This occurs because the resonance electron-releasing effect of that group increases the electron density at those positions‚ helping to stabilize the intermediates that
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Benzoic Acid and Benzoates in Food‚ Drinks and Medicines Benzoic acid and benzoates are common additives to food‚ drinks‚ medicines and cosmetics‚ and they also occur naturally in many plants. They are useful chemicals in manufactured products because they kill or inhibit both bacteria and fungi and can act as preservatives. Benzoic acid and benzoates are considered to be safe chemicals for humans when they’re used in small quantities‚ but there are at least two situations in which even small
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* Introduction to Organic Chemistry Understand the basis of drawing organic structures Depicting 3-D structures in 2-D Most organic compounds have a three-dimensional structure. How do we represent structures on our two-dimensional page? For example‚ methane is a tetrahedral molecule: Bonds in the plane of the paper: Bonds coming towards the observer: (out of the page) Bonds going away
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Property (Condition‚ Method) Synonyms Name Ethylbenzene; benzene; ethylbenzol; phenylethane; etilbenzene; ethylbenzeen; aethylbenzo; ethylobenzen Chemical Formula C8H10 Chemical Structure Table 1.1: The table of chemical properties of Ethylbenzene. Table 1.2 The table of the physical properties of Ethylbenzene. Chemical and Physical Properties of Styrene Property (Condition‚ method) Common Synonym Vinyl Benzene; phenylethene; ethenyl Benzene; cinnamene Molecular Formula C8H8 Chemical Structure C6H5CH=CH2
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| Mixed and the color turned red | 2-Methyl-2-Propanol | Change in color (yellow) | Bubbles and turned pink | Discussion: Butanol: H3C-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH 2-Propanol: H3C-CHOH-CH3 2-Methyl-2-Propanol: 2-Methyl-2-Propanol is only alcohol reacted with HCL 2-Methyl-2-Propanol+HCL=====>2-chloro-2-methylpropane+ H2O substitution reaction 2-Propanol+KMnO4=====>Propan-2-one and for 2-Methyl-2-Propanol it can not react with KMnO4
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SYNTHETIC EXPLOITATION OF ENZYMES: BIOCATALYSIS IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS: FUNDAMENTALS ENZYMES IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS 1. Enzymes catalyze a broad spectrum of reactions with high turnover numbers. Rate enhancements approach 1012 fold. 2. Enzymes may accept a wide range of substrates. 3. Enzymes are highly regio and stereoselective. 4. Enzyme reactions take place under mild conditions; this minimizes problems of isomerization and racemization. 5. Enzymatic processes are less hazardous and polluting
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