added to a 500.0 mL of distilled water. It was stirred and transferred to an Arrhenius storage bottle. After preparing‚ it was then standardized in which the prepared solution was used as a titrant and a standard NaOH as the analyte. An indicator methyl orange was added by adding 3 drops to the analyte then it was titrated until the orange-colored
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transmittance (the fraction radiation at a specified wavelength that passes through a sample) is physical properties that all molecules have. The purpose of experiment one was to find the maximum absorbance (λmax) occurred for both bromophenol blue and methyl orange by using spectrophotometer. Spectrophotometer is a device that measures the absorption of radiation at a particular wavelength. In experiment two‚ the purpose was to investigate the relation between concentration of the solution and its absorbance
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Aim: To determine the water of crystallization in washing soda crystals (Na2CO3.xH2O) Research Question: What is the percentage composition and the amount (in moles) of water in the given ionic hydrate? (Na2CO3.xH2O) Background Information: Sodium Carbonate also known as Washing Soda (Na2CO3.xH2O) is a sodium salt of carbonic acid. Sodium carbonate is domestically well known for its everyday use as a water softener. It is also used to remove grease‚ oil and wine stains. It can be extracted from
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fourth edition ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Francis A. Carey University of Virginia Burr Ridge‚ IL Dubuque‚ IA Madison‚ WI New York San Francisco St. Louis Bangkok Bogotá Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi Seoul Singapore Sydney Taipei Toronto | v v Boston | e-Text Main Menu | Textbook Table of Contents | Study Guide Table of Contents McGraw-Hill Higher Education A Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies ORGANIC CHEMISTRY‚ FOURTH EDITION
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(H.-I. Garcia). Good cosmetic reults in these treatments with PDT has led to expansion of use of PDT in photoageing. Recently studies have been performed to see if treatment with methyl-aminolevulinate and red light therapy could reduce facial photodamage (H.-I. Garcia). The study assess the efficacy of methyl aminolevulinate and red-light treatment on facial photodamage. The hypothesis was to see if the total facial photodamage global score decreases 1 grade compared to the baseline after
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Chemical Engineering Design and Professional Skills B Second assignment M A N U F A C T U R E O F S T Y R E N E Assignment 2 – Monday 28/01/13 You have a provisional flowsheet for a process to manufacture 30 ton/h of styrene from ethylbenzene. This is described below. (It may differ in some details from the one you developed last term – but if so‚ you should use the version described here‚ so that all groups are working with the same‚ correct process.) For Assignment 2 of
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Monosaccharide also called SIMPLE SUGAR‚ any of the basic compounds that serve as the building blocks of carbohydrates. Monosaccharides are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones; that is‚ they are molecules with more than one hydroxyl group (-OH)‚ and a carbonyl group (C=O) either at the terminal carbon atom (aldose) or at the second carbon atom (ketose). The carbonyl group combines in aqueous solution with one hydroxyl group to form a cyclic compound (hemi-acetal or hemi-ketal). Monosaccharides are
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Reactions of Carbonyls-Aldehyde/Ketone Analysis: Introduction: The carbonyl group is a rich source of many important reactions in organic chemistry‚ with two fundamental properties that are primarily responsible for its diverse chemistry. The first is the polarization of the. Carbon-oxygen pi bond‚ owing to the relatively high electro negativity. The second property of a carbonyl function is to increase the acidity of the alpha-hydrogen atoms‚ which are the hydrogen’s
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Experiment 11: Synthesis of Dibenzalacetone by the Aldol condensation Introduction: The Aldol condensation reaction‚ under basic conditions‚ involves the nucleophilic addition of an enolate ion to another carbonyl group. The resulting product‚ a beta-hydroxy ketone or aldehyde‚ is called an aldol because it contains both and aldehyde group and the hydroxy group of alcohol. Condensations‚ including aldol condensation‚ combine two or more molecules‚ typically with a loss of a smaller molecule (including
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Functional Groups of Organic Compounds A functional group is a specific arrangement of atoms in the HC derivative other than carbon and hydrogen. Literally‚ the functional group determines the functions of the particular HC derivative in chemical reactions. This means that the specific properties of the HC derivative are due to its functional group. Each functional group is attached to an alkyl radical (R). An alkyl radical is one H atom less than the given alkane. The alkyl radical (R) uses
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