substitutions rather than addition reactions. Substitution of a new group for a hydrogen atom takes place via a resonance-stabilized carbocation. As the benzene ring is quite electron-rich‚ it almost always behaves as a nucleophile in a reaction which means the substitution on benzene occurs by the addition of an electrophile. Substituted benzenes tend to react at predictable positions. Alkyl groups and other electron-donating substituents enhance substitution and direct it toward the ortho and para
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This list only contains the more widely known chemicals and additives in body and food products. There are thousands more in use. Many of the chemicals listed below are suspected or known carcinogens‚ toxins‚ hormone disruptors‚ poisons and contaminates. Acesulfame K Sugar substitute found in pudding‚ chewing gum‚ non-dairy creamers‚ instant coffee mixes‚ tea mixes and gelatin desserts. May increase cancer in humans. Acetone Also known as Dimethylketone‚ 2-Propanone‚ Beta-Ketopropane. Inhalation
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Jeana Greaves Chem3301-112 June 19‚ 2013 Synthesis of Aspirin from Methyl Salicylate Introduction The synthesis of Aspirin (Acetyl Salicyclic Acid) began with methyl salicylate and sodium hydroxide as the reagent. The polar oxygen accepts the electrons from now positively charged hydrogen. The positively charged sodium disassociates leaving the hydroxide ion with a negative Scheme 1 shows the mechanisms that were demonstrated during the synthesis of Aspirin. charge that attracts to the positively
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Keghan Chapter 8 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS Topic: Structure Elucidation 1. An alkene adds hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to give 3‚4-dimethylhexane. Ozonolysis of the alkene followed by treatment with zinc and acetic acid gives a single organic product. The structure of the alkene is: CH3 A) CH3CH=C-CHCH2CH3 (cis or trans) CH3 CH3 B) CH3CH2C=CCH3 (cis or trans) CH2CH3 C) CH3 CH2=CCH2CHCH2CH3 CH3 CH2 D) CH3CH2CCHCH2CH3 CH3 CH3 E) CH3CH2CHCHCH=CH2
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Introduction: The theory behind the extraction of a solution containing benzoic acid‚ cellulose‚ and methyl orange involves many components pertaining to the fundamental ideas of solubility and polarity. Using the concepts of like dissolving like and acid base reactions‚ a solution of organic acid (benzoic acid)‚ a water soluble compound cellulose‚ and an organic soluble compound methyl orange‚ can be separated and benzoic acid can be isolated by a method of extraction. At the fundamental
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There should be 5 columns for the Chemical Indicators in the tables. ○ Phenolphthalein ○ Methyl orange ○ Blue litmus ○ Red litmus ○ Red cabbage juice ● Change: There are only 5 unknown solutions (A-E). Part I and II ● Change: You do not need to collect each chemical in test tubes. For Steps 2-8: ○ “Set up a grid on your ceramic spot plate. Add 1 or 2 drops of phenolphthalein into 1 well. Add 1 or 2 drops of methyl orange to a new well. Add 1 or 2 drops of red cabbage juice to a new well. Tear a small
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Objective: To understand the importance of choosing suitable indicators for detecting the end points of acid-base titrations. To obtain titration curves some acid-base titrations. Materials and method: As shown in page 2 and 3 in General Chemistry practical manual 2011. Result: Part 1: Suitability of Indicators Strong acid-weak base titration Table I: Volume Titration Rough Accurate 1 Accurate 2 Final volume 0.00 14.65 0.00 Initial volume 35.20 48.00 33.50 Volume of
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Aims: 1. To use methyl orange and phenolphthalein as indicators to determine accurately the end of an acid-base titration. 2. To present titration data correctly. Observations: Table of Results Showing The Amount Of 0.12 Mol/dm3 Hydrochloric Acid Required to Neutralise 25cm3 Of Sodium Carbonate of an unknown Concentration Using Methyl Orange Indicator. Pipette Solution | Sodium Carbonate | Mol/dm3 | Burette Solution | Hydrochloric Acid | 0.12Mol/dm3 | Indicator | Methyl Orange | | | |
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analyze the percent composition of a substance mixture by using double indicator titration. The analyte used is the soda ash which is titrated with an HCl titrant‚ standardized by 1o Na2CO3. The indicators used are phenolphthalein for basicity and methyl orange for acidity. The two volumes of the titrant are then used to calculate percent composition of soda ash analyte. Statistical parameters such as relative standard deviation and confidence limits are also calculated. At the end of the experiment
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References: Abdel Bar‚ F.M.‚ Khanfar‚ M.A.‚ Elnagar‚ A.Y.‚ Badria‚ F.A.‚ Zaghloul‚ A.M.‚ Ahmad‚ K.F.‚ . . . ‚ El Sayed‚ K.A. (2010). Design and pharmacophore modeling of biaryl methyl eugenol analogs as breast cancer invasion inhibitors. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry‚ 18‚ 496–507. Aboutabl‚ E.A.‚ El Tohamy‚ S.F.‚ De Footer‚ H.L.‚ & De Buyck‚ L.F. (1991). A comparative study of the essential oils from three Melaleuca species
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