Outline and evaluate psychological explanations of schizophrenia (24 marks) Brown and Birley studied stressful life events in the role of relapse in schizophrenics. They found that 50% of people experience a stressful life event e.g. death‚ relationship break-up‚ job loss etc. in the 3 weeks prior to a schizophrenic episode. A control sample reported a low and unchanging level of stressful life events over the same period. However not all evidence supports the role of life events. For example‚
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to the discussion the six theories that have been outlined‚ each have their own view point on where they stand within the human growth development. The six theories have been analysed and spoken about in great detail‚ with some mention of the key studies that have been linked to the theories. Each of the theories has a link to the nature vs nurture debate which was one of the main aims set out in the introduction‚ in particular biological theory. Bowlby’s attachment theory has a strong link to the
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Outline and Evaluate Biological Explanation for Mental Illness The Biomedical model of Mental Illness states that metal illness is caused by either a physical problem with the brain‚ for example that some schizophrenic patients have parts of there hippocampus missing. Genetics‚ meaning that you inherit a genetic pre-disposition to depression or some other mental illness as someone in your close family had that mental illness‚ or down to neurotransmitter (serotonin‚ dopamine...) imbalances in
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Outline and evaluate the behavioural approach to abnormality This approach focuses on the behaviour of the person to explain psychological abnormalities. It believes that the behaviour is learnt‚ and therefore can be unlearnt. It focuses on 3 different things: classical conditioning‚ operant conditioning and social learning theory. Classical conditioning was developed by Pavlov through his work on animals. He explained the development of abnormal behaviours through stimulus-response associations
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There are three definitions of abnormality; the first is deviation from social norms. A person will be diagnosed with this when they have deviated from the unwritten rules and standards of society making them seem abnormal. Jahoda identified this abnormality and said there were 6 conditions associated with good mental health. A positive attitude‚ Self-actualisation‚ Resistance to stress‚ Personal autonomy‚ accurate perception of reality‚ and Adaption to the environment. However there are limitations
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John Bowlby John Bowlby‚ born in London February 27th 1907 was a psychoanalyst who researched the effects of separation on children from their primary caregiver in the early years of life. He emphasised the importance of the bond established by infants and their primary carer- which is usually their mother. Bowlby believed that the earliest bonds with their caregiver have a profound impact that continues throughout life and is the basis of relationships. According to Bowlby attachment also serves
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Impact of Childhood Attachments on Adult Health and the Establishment of Relationships Patricia L. Fowler Liberty University COUN 502 – Human Growth and Development Dr. Luanne Bender Long October 08‚ 2012 Abstract Clinical research has demonstrated that there is a direct correlation between the parent-child attachment and the psychodynamics of adult relationships. The theory of attachment‚ by John Bowlby‚ has been instrumental
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Outline and Evaluate the biological approach to abnormality The biological approach sees abnormality as a physical illness and removes psychological blame and responsibility for the behaviour form the patients. Biochemistry; which is where abnormal functioning in the brain can be caused by abnormal levels of neurotransmitters and hormones. Neurotransmitters are the chemical messengers that allow neurones to communicate with one another at synapses. Hormones are chemical messengers that are secreted
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Outline and evaluate the cognitive approach to psychopathology The cognitive approach to psychopathology focuses on the theory that abnormality is caused by faulty cognitions about ourselves‚ others and our worlds. Our behaviour is controlled by these cognitions‚ consequently if these are faulty‚ it can cause abnormal behaviour. In 1962 Ellis proposed the A-B-C model. This suggests that a certain behaviour will first start with an activating event (such as seeing a large dog). This will then
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As humans we form attachments with other humans throughout our lifetime. As we go into each stage of life our attachments change. I believe our first attachment as human starts as fetus’s in our mother’s womb. Before we know about life we know our mothers and from that moment our attachment starts. What exactly is an attachment? Attachment is an emotional tie to a specific other person or people that endures across time and space. In 1958 the first attachment theorist by the name of John Bowlby’s
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