classify chemical reactions in various ways. Often a major classification is based on whether or not the reaction involves oxidation-reduction. A reaction may be classified asredox in which oxidation and reduction occur or nonredox in which there is no oxidation and reduction occurring. Redox Reactions A redox reaction can be recognized by observing whether or not the oxidation numbers of any of the elements change during the
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fatty acids and glycerol‚ while the serum albumin transports the fatty acids through the bloodstream to deliver them to the target tissue‚ and ultimately into the muscle cells where the fatty acids can be oxidised. The process of the oxidation of fatty acids‚ β-oxidation will be discussed in depth at the 45-minute mark of the
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Lanthanides and Actinides The lanthanides and the actinides make up the f block of the periodic table. The lanthanides are the elements produced as the 4f sub level is filled with electrons and the actinides are formed while filling the 5f sub level Some significant similarities and differences between lanthanides and actinides are observed. The two rows that are generally placed underneath the main periodic table are called the lanthanides series and the actinides series. These two rows are produced
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An antioxidant is a molecule that inhibits the oxidation of other molecules. Oxidation is a chemical reaction involving the loss of electrons. Oxidation reactions can produce free radicals. These radicals can start chain reactions. When the chain reaction occurs in a cell‚ it can cause damage or death to the cell. Antioxidants terminate these chain reactions by removing free radical intermediates‚ and inhibit the oxidation reactions‚ hence prevent the damage caused by oxidation to cells. Therefore‚ if we have insufficient
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References: Liang‚ F.‚ Xu‚ B.G.‚ Shi‚ X.H.‚ Ming‚ S.R.‚ “Advances in desulfurization with wet oxidation process”‚ Modern Chem. Ind.‚ 23 (5)‚ 21-24 (2003) McManus‚ D.‚ Martell‚ A.E.‚ “The evolution‚ chemistry and applications of chelated iron hydrogen sulfide removal and oxidation processes”‚ J. Mol. Cat. A.‚ 117 (1)‚ 289-297 (1997). their iron complexes”‚ Inorg. Chim. Acta.‚ 278 (2)‚ 170-177 (1998). S8 by molecular oxygen”‚ Inorg. Chim
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green tea reduce the risks of cardiovascular diseases. However‚ the results are inconsistent and the mechanisms remain unclear. In this review article‚ the potential mechanisms will be showed from five aspects: lowering cholesterol level‚ inhibiting oxidation of LDL‚ improving vascular endothelial function‚ decreasing blood pressure and having anti-atherosclerotic effect. In the discussion part‚ the adverse effects of high consumption of green tea will be showed. To sum up‚ there is no conclusive evidences
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types of valencies namely‚ primary and secondary valencies. Primary valencies are satisfied by negative ions while secondary valencies are satisfied by both negative and neutral ions. (In modern terminology‚ the primary valency corresponds to the oxidation number of the metal ion‚ whereas the secondary valency refers to the coordination number of the metal ion. (ii) A metal ion has a definite number of secondary valencies around the central atom. Also‚ these valencies project in a specific direction
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number of ways. The process depends upon the rocks’ mineralogical composition‚ and the nature of chemical environment surrounding them. Some of the main processes of chemical weathering are: 1. solution‚ 2. hydration and hydrolysis‚ 3. oxidation and reduction‚ 4. carbonation‚ 5. base exchange‚ and 6. formation of colloids. 1. SOLUTION Some rocks contain one or more minerals that are soluble in water to some extent. Rock salt (NaCl)‚ gypsum (CaSO4. 2H2O) and calcite (CaCO3) As it
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a positive charge. Oxidation number: number of electrons an atom gains‚ loses‚ or shares when it forms a chemical bond. -remember this pattern: +1‚ +2‚ +3‚ +/-4‚ -3‚ -2‚ -1‚ 0 -example: -sodium (Na): -valence electrons = 1 -oxidation number = +1 -resulting ion = Na+1 Rule of oxidation numbers: the sum of all the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a molecule must equal zero‚ indications that the molecule is neutral. SHORTCUT: flip the oxidation numbers to get the final
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half reactions‚ oxidation and reduction respectively. To measure the tendency for a readox reaction to occur‚ special apparatus called voltaic cell can be used. It is made by connecting a voltmeter between two electrodes‚ which are immersed in to the two different solutions separated by porous barrier. This barrier allows flow of ions‚ so that the voltage or potential can be measured. In a closer look of such reactions‚ it can be determined that the sum of the potentials of oxidation and reduction
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