Cellular respiration is defined as an enzyme mediated process in which organic compounds such as glucose is broken down into simpler products with the release of energy (Duka‚ Diaz and Villa‚ 2009). It is a series of metabolic processes and oxidation-reduction reactions. Oxidation of substrates‚ such as glucose‚ is a fundamental part of cellular respiration (Mader‚ 2009). As a catabolic process‚ it may or may not require the presence of oxygen. The process that requires oxygen is called aerobic
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Tollen’s test: metallic silver Starch iodine test: blue-black 3. Identify each of the samples in Part 1 as monosaccharide‚ disaccharide or polysaccharide. Water = not a saccharide Glucose = monosaccharide Fructose = monosaccharide Galactose = monosaccharide Sucrose = disaccharide Lactose = disaccharide Starch = polysaccharide Honey = primarily monosaccharides with some disaccharide Saccharine = not a saccharide Nutrasweet = not a saccharide Part 1: Benedict’s Test
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1 or 2 sugar units • Monosaccharides • Glucose‚ fructose‚ galactose • Disaccharides • Sucrose‚ lactose‚ maltose • Oligosaccharides consist of 3-10 sugar units • Not a simple or a complex carb • Complex carbs consist of 10 + sugar units • Polysaccharides • Starch and fiber Monosaccharides 6 carbons= hexose Monosaccharides • Glucose • Most abundant carbohydrate • Preferred source of energy for the RBC‚ brain‚ and nervous system • Fructose • Sweetest of natural sugars • Found abundantly in
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Carbohydrates contain carbon‚ hydrogen‚ and oxygen in the ratio of 1:2:1. Carbohydrates play a major role when it comes to the breakdown of food to produce energy. Carbohydrates are classified in size‚ monosaccharide‚ disaccharide‚ and polysaccharide. Polysaccharide provides a quick-release energy source that keeps up energized between meals. Certain amounts of carbohydrates are used for structural purposes as well. Others are attached to outer surfaces of cell membranes to lead cellular interactions
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points) 3. Compare macromolecules to Monomers; complete the chart below (4 points) |Example of a Macromolecule |Corresponding Monomer | |polysaccharide | | | |glycerol‚ fatty acid
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Bio 115 Exam 1 Study Guide These topics will be on the exam. ▪ What are the tenets of cell theory? • Cells are the basic structural and physiological units of all living organisms. • Cells are both distinct entities and building blocks of more complex organisms. OR • All living organisms are composed of one or more cells‚ Cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organism‚ and Cells come only from the reproduction of existing
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The biochemical importance of water Sam Ellick 13/11/2010 Water otherwise known as H2O is a necessity for life to exist. It has many unique features compared to other molecules of its size. For example solid ice is less dense than liquid ice‚ which ponds and lakes freeze from the top down. This is important in insulating the aquatic life in the winter. This essay however will be looking at why water is so important in biochemical terms. Its shape Water‚ as its formula H2O suggests‚ consists
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Polymers of monosaccharides (polysaccharides) Energy storage Structural chitin starch glycogen Purple pages F23 cellulose BIO 1140 – SLIDE 2 http://www.mpie.de/index.php?id=2957 Monosaccharides CnH2nOn n = 3 to 7 Trioses‚ pentoses and hexoses most common Linear vs ring configuration Asymmetrical C isomers glyceraldehyde ribose D-glucose -D-glucose ß-D-glucose Fig. 2.13 BIO 1140 – SLIDE 3 Purple pages F20-21 Polysaccharides Glycosidic bond C1 to C4
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Introduction: Hurler Syndrome (MPS-I)‚ otherwise classified as Mucopolysaccharidosis‚ is the most severe form of this disease and is caused by cells being unable to break down dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate during regular metabolism(Laberge‚ 2010). The build up of these two by-products disturbs regular cell functionality and this may cause damage within the tissues of organs (Laberge‚ 2010). Two major symptoms found within an individual with Hurler Syndrome are skeletal deformities and
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Mechanical digestions starts from the intake of food into the mouth and when the food is chewed and while the food is broken down until it becomes small to be swallowed. Then the food goes down as a food bolus into the esophagus after the food is broken down. The food bolus passes through the alimentary canal through peristaltic movements. Peristaltic movements is a systematic series of muscle contractions and relaxation which involves the passage of food bolus through the esophagus‚ stomach‚ small
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