Water Treatment Plant Process- Chlorination or Ultraviolet Radiation By Shreya Shah Surface waters necessitate water treatment before consumption to guarantee no health risk is present to the user. Poor quality water which consists of dissolved and suspended particles‚ can impact and cause health risks to consumers. The most important contamination is the microbiological contamination as it leads to infectious diseases (Water Treatment‚ 1994). Chemicals such as nitrates and cyanide when contaminate
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of a group of straight chained alkanes to 2 branched alkanes‚ a ketone‚ an alcohol and an alkene. I plotted a graph of boiling points of straight chain alkanes against its molar mass. Here‚ it was noticed that as the molar mass increased‚ the boiling point increased as well. However‚ when I plotted the graph of the 2 branched alkanes‚ the ketone‚ alcohol and alkene‚ I noticed that they didn’t follow the same trend as the straight chain alkanes. The branched alkanes had a lower boiling point compare
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capable of being converted to metal salts‚ alkyl halides‚ esters‚ aldehydes‚ ketones‚ and carboxylic acids. In this experiment the conversion from alcohol to alkyl halides was investigated. Alkyl halides are a group of chemical compounds derived from alkanes containing one or more halogens. They are used as flame retardants‚ refrigerants‚ propellants‚ solvents‚ and pharmaceuticals. As a group‚ students convert three alcohols to alkyl halides under acidic conditions and record the 13C NMR spectrum in each
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This is free radical reaction and reduction of benzophenone occurred by UV irradiation. Free radical on benzophenone due to photo excitation abstract hydrogen from isopropanol and gives benzopinacol and acetone. Chemically benzophenone is 1‚1‚2‚2‚ tetraphenyl 1‚ 2 ethylenediol. Benzopinacol can easily isolate from reaction mixture by suction pump and characterized by using common analytical techniques like UV‚ IR etc. Keywords: Photochemistry‚ benzophenone‚ benzopinacol‚ free radical. Introduction
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variety of methods to examine the physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbons. The first experiment we tested a variety of solvents to see if they dissolved our alkane (Decalin). One would expect that non-polar solvents will dissolve alkanes because they are non polar as well 1. If the solvent did not dissolve in the alkane we heated the solution with a heat gun‚ because higher temperature increases solubility because energy in the form of heat can break bonds and allow for the molecules to
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(note: there is CO2 solid‚ its dry ice) – Complete combustion: ▪ hydrocarbon + oxygen [pic] water + carbon dioxide – Displacement reactions: ▪ Y + X (anion)[pic] X + Y (anion); where Y > X on activity series or Eo table. • Alkene/alkane reactions: – Cracking of pentane: ▪ pentane [pic] ethylene + propane ▪ C5H12 (g) [pic] C2H4 (g) + C3H8 (g) – Hydration of ethylene (the reverse can also happen known as de-hydration‚ where concentrated acid is used): ▪ ethylene
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Lecture # 1 Organic Chemistry- 1. It is a science that deals with the study of Carbon compounds but not all compounds containing under organic compounds. Non-Organic Compounds a. CO- Carbon monoxide b. CO2- Carbon dioxide c. CO3- Carbonates d. HCO3- Hydrogen carbonates e. CN- -Cyanides 2. There are over millions of compounds and inorganic is approximately 100‚000. 3. A science that deals with matter obtained from natural or living sources. 4. Study of Carbon Compounds
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the distillation of crude oil contains hydrocarbons in the C15 to C19 range. These hydrocarbons can be cracked by strong heating. (i) Write the molecular formula for the alkane with 19 carbon atoms. (ii) Name the type of reaction involved in cracking. (iii) Write an equation for one possible cracking reaction of the alkane C16H34 when the products include ethene and propene in the molar ratio 2:1 and only one other compound. (4) (Total 6 marks) 2. A compound of carbon‚ hydrogen and nitrogen
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STERILIZATION OF WATER USING BLEACHING POWDER A CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY PROGECT ANSHUL KUMAR PANDEY XII B [THIS PROJECT LOOKS AT THE TECHNIQUE CALLED STERILIZATION OF WATER USING BLEACHING POWDER WHICH IS USED TO PURIFY WATER AND MAKES IT FIT FOR DRINKING.] Downloaded from www.icbse.com INDEX 1. Certificate of Authenticity 2. Acknowledgement 3. Introduction -Need of Water -Purification of Water -Need for a stable purification technique 4. Theory -History of Water purification -Bleaching
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carbon atoms by forming covalent bonds. Alkanes Alkanes are hydrocarbons‚ which are molecules that contain only carbon and hydrogen. They are made up of carbon atoms linked together by only single covalent bonds and are known as saturated hydrocarbons. Many alkanes are obtained from crude oil by fractional distillation. The smallest alkanes are used extensively as fuels. Apart from burning‚ however‚ they are remarkably unreactive. Alkane Methane Ethane Propane Butane Pentane
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