How did the amount of Sodium Citrate‚ an anticoagulant‚ added to a Calcium Chloride solution affect the volume of the clots formed when a sodium alginate solution‚ a blood simulation‚ was introduced? Mackenzie Keesor (Fall Semester 2017-2018) Purpose The purpose of this experiment was to observe the differences in the formation of simulated blood clots when different amounts of sodium citrate‚ an anticoagulant‚ was added to the coagulation process‚ which would help gain information about the process
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The purpose of the experiment was to perform an electrophilic addition reaction by the bromination of cinnamic acid. The product of this reaction is 3-Phenyl-2‚3-dibromo propionic acid‚ which is purified by recrystallization. Cinnamic acid (3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid) is an unsaturated carboxylic acid. The electron rich π cloud (see Figure 1) in the double bond of this structure is nucleophilic and can be considered a Lewis base. It can therefore be saturated by the addition of a halogen to the double
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Preparation of Sodium Chloride through titration Abstract: acid-base titration is a technique commonly used to determine the moles of acid in a sample by adding a known volume of strong base of a known concentration. The strong base provides the hydroxide ion‚ to react quantitatively with the acid. The point at which the acid is completely and exactly consumed the known quantity of base is called the equivalence end point and is signalled by a colour change in the solution (end point). This colour
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Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid Lab Chemistry 1 Abstract The straw should be cut shorter to 8 cm in order to make the solid ring appear in the center of the straw. We achieved our goal‚ cutting the straw caused the gases to not have to go as far‚ and meet in the middle. Background The particles in a gas are very loose and tend to move around a lot very quickly. The particles in a solid are very compact and vibrate but don’t really move very much. The particles in a liquid however are more
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Determination of the Rate Constant for a Chemical Reaction Department of Chemistry Abstract This experiment was performed to determine the rate constant k‚ for hydrolysis of tertiary butyl chloride to tertiary butanol. The solvent system for this reaction is 45% isopropyl alcohol and 55% water. The rate of hydrolysis of t-butyl chloride is measured by the decrease in the concentration of this reagent with time. The rate of decomposition of t-butyl chloride must be equal to the rate of formation
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The effect on rate of an enzyme catalysed reaction by different objectives which include effect of substrate‚ temperature‚ ph and effect of a competitive inhibitor phosphate ions. This is determined by the reaction of hydrolysis by p-nitrophenylphosphate (PNP) as a substrate by the enzyme phosphatase. Abstract The hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl phosphate has been studied in human red blood cells. To see if hydrolysis was related to the functioning of the sodium pump. Acid phosphatase catalysis’s
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KINETICS OF THE ACID DECOMPOSITION OF THIOSULFATE Aqueous solutions of thiosulfate‚ S2O32-(aq) are stable if neutral or basic‚ but decompose quickly when the thiosulfate is dissolved in acid according to the equation: Sulfur dioxide is a gas at room temperature‚ but is very soluble in water. Sulfur‚ a water insoluble solid‚ forms a colloidal suspension. As a result‚ the solution first becomes cloudy and then opaque. We can take advantage of the developing opacity of the reaction system to do a
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2. Preparation Of 1 M Na2CO3 Molecular mass of Na2CO3 = 106g Mass of salt in 100 ml of 1M solution = 10.6g Weighing of salt using electrical balance * Mass of Na2CO3 + beaker = 78.64g * Mass of beaker = 68.04g * Mass of Na2CO3 = 10.6g 1. 10.6g of Na2CO3 was weighed in a dry beaker. Small amount of distilled water was added and the salt was dissolved. 2. The contents of the beaker were transferred to
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time it takes for the cross on the bottom of the beaker while the reaction is recurring to disappear. As it can be seen in the graph‚ the higher the temperature the shorter the time is for the Sulphur to be created. If it is looked as one continuous line‚ the first part of the trend line shows a steep‚ straight and constant decrease; then the 2nd part is not as steep and has a more gradual decline. Moreover‚ it shows how a reaction at 20°C a slower time for the cross to disappear compared to 40°C
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Acid –Base Titration: A volume of 128 mL of 0.650 M Ba(OH)2 was required to completely neutralize 50.0 mL of nitric acid solution (HNO3). What is the concentration of the acid solution? Gravimetric Titration: Calculate the molar concentration of Ba2+ ions in a 500.0 mL sample of an unknown aqueous solution if 2.47 g BaSO4 is formed upon the addition of excess Na2SO4? Stoichiometry of Acid –Base Reactions: What volume of 0.800 M HCl is required to completely neutralize 35.0 g of Ca(OH)2
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