w w ap eP m e tr .X w om .c s er SYLLABUS Cambridge IGCSE® Cambridge International Certificate* Chemistry 0620 For examination in June and November 2014 *This syllabus is accredited for use in England‚ Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate. University of Cambridge International Examinations retains the copyright on all its publications. Registered Centres are permitted to copy material from this booklet for their
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chemical reaction provides the kinetic energy needed to break the necessary bonds so that new bonds can be formed. Thus‚ increasing the concentration of the anode‚ zinc sulfate‚ will increases the rate of reaction for oxidation because there are more zinc ions in the new concentration‚ which would also increase the collision between molecules. This will eventually allow an increase in the transferring rate of electrons to the cathode‚ as there are certainly
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Lanthanides and Actinides The lanthanides and the actinides make up the f block of the periodic table. The lanthanides are the elements produced as the 4f sub level is filled with electrons and the actinides are formed while filling the 5f sub level Some significant similarities and differences between lanthanides and actinides are observed. The two rows that are generally placed underneath the main periodic table are called the lanthanides series and the actinides series. These two rows are produced
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in oxygen by a molecule‚ atom‚ or ion. • Reduction is the gain of electrons; a decrease in oxidation state or a loss of oxygen by a molecule‚ atom‚ or ion. • OIL RIG (Oxidation is Loss‚ Reduction is Gain) - Rules for assigning the oxidation numbers of an atom. • • • • • • • • • • • The cation (+) is written first‚ followed by the anion (-). Eg. NaH (H is H-) HCl (H is H+) A free element is always 0. Eg. He‚ N2 A monatomic ions equals the charge of the ion. Eg. N3- is -3 Hydrogen is usually
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Topic Acid-Base Theory (Unit 1) Acid-Base Theory (Unit 2) Isomerism (Unit 1) Isomerism (Unit 2) Nomenclature Reaction Mechanism (Unit 1) - Introduction to Mechanism Reaction Mechanism (Unit 2) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 3) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 4) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 5) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 6) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 7) - Elimination Reaction Mechanism
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desire final product‚ biphenyl-4-ol‚ or may contain large amount of impurities. Introduction The Suzuki reaction was reported in 1979 by Akira Suzuki and N. Miyaura. It is commonly referred to as the palladium-catalyzed cross coupling of aryl halides with organoboron reagents leading to the formation of sp2-sp2 carbon-carbon bonds.1 It is a powerful cross coupling method that allows for the synthesis of conjugated olefins‚ styrenes‚ and biphenyls. The purpose of this experiment was to perform
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Chapter 3 PERIODIC TABLE AND PERIODICITY OF PROPERTIES Q.1 What are the contributions of Dobereiner‚ Newland‚ Luthar Meyer and Mendeleef in the present shape of long form periodic table ? Dobereiner’s Triads : In 1829‚ a German scientist‚ John Dobereiner classified specific elements into groups in order of increasing atomic masses. Each group has three elements. He named these groups as triads.He noticed that the atomic mass of the middle elements was found to be approximately equal to the
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the solution for colour comparison). 4. Repeat the titration to obtain two concordant results. Part B: Determination of concentration of Ca2+(aq) ions 1. Pipette 50 cm3 of mineral water into a conical flask. 2. Add 30 drops of 50% w/v NaOH solution‚ swirl the solution and wait for a couple of minutes to completely precipitate the magnesium ions as Mg(OH)2(s) 3. Add a pinch of hydroxynaphthol blue (exact amount to be decided by the intensity of the resulting coloured solution) and titrate with
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list solubility and how soluble the chemicals are. According to Busch (2015) the Solubility Rules are as follows: 1. Salts containing Group I elements are soluble (Li+‚ Na+‚ K+‚ Cs+‚ Rb+). Salts containing the ammonium ion (NH4+) are also soluble. 2. Salts containing nitrate ion (NO3-) are generally soluble. 3. Salts
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N10/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX 88106105 CHEMISTRY STANDARD LEVEL PAPER 2 Thursday 11 November 2010 (afternoon) Candidate session number 0 1 hour 15 minutes 0 INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES • • • • Write your session number in the boxes above. Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so. Section A: answer all of Section A in the spaces provided. Section B: answer one question from Section B. Write your answers on answer sheets. Write your session number
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