INTERNATIONALE PHARMACEUTICA SCIENCIA | Jan-March 2011 | Vol. 1 | Issue 1 | Available online http://www.ipharmsciencia.com ©2011 IPS REVIEW ARTICLE Phytochemical screening and Extraction: A Review ABSTRACT Plants are a source of large amount of drugs comprising to different groups such as antispasmodics‚ emetics‚ anti-cancer‚ antimicrobials etc. A large number of the plants are claimed to possess the antibiotic properties in the traditional system and are also used extensively by the tribal people
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polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents and that non-polar solutes dissolve in non-polar solvents by mixing polar and non-polar solutions in test tubes. Material: • Lab coats and safety spectacles • A fume cupboard • Heptane • Water • Potassium Permanganate • Iodine • 2 test tubes • 4 small flasks Method: (Wear safety specs and lab coats) • Prepare 4 small flasks containing: • A Heptane • B A weak solution of potassium permanganate‚ made by putting a few crystals of KMnO4 in 100 ml of water. Dilute
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Sixty-one years ago last November‚ John Bardeen and Walter Brattain discovered the transistor at Bell Labs‚ in 1951. Before this‚ electronics used tubes‚ which happened to be extremely bulky‚ generated lots of heat‚ and had short life spans. The invention of smaller‚ more efficient‚ and more durable transistors brought a revolution in electronics. They became an important discovery that changed the world forever. The first ideas and experimentation with solid-state electronics began in 1874‚ but
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ketone in test tube two and a large presence of ketone in test tube six. The average boiling points of the test tubes‚ 73°C and 162°C respectively‚ were compared to the boiling points in the tables of alcohols and ketones found in the back of the lab manual. Test tube two was comparable to methanol‚ ethanol‚ 2-propanol‚ and 2-methyl-2-propanol. Upon inspection of the IR spectrums‚ 2-propanol was a match.
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Analysis of Alum AlK(SO4 )2 . 12H2O AP Chemistry Lab # 5 INTRODUCTION Every compound has a unique set of chemical and physical properties. To identify a compound with certainty‚ experiments have to be conducted in order to verify these properties. Such kind of analysis is usually performed when a compound is synthesized‚ and whether the compound is indeed the compound desired needs to be ascertained. The main purpose of the experiment is to analyze alum‚ AlK( SO4
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MICROENCAPSULATION Microencapsulation: Definition: It is the process by which individual particles or droplets of solid or liquid material (the core) are surrounded or coated with a continuous film of polymeric material (the shell) to produce capsules in the micrometer to millimetre range‚ known as microcapsules. Microencapsulation (Cont.): Morphology of Microcapsules: The morphology of microcapsules depends mainly on the core material and the deposition process of the shell. 1- Mononuclear
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Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms.6th ed.‚ McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc. http://www.tutorbene.com/cms_images/LIQUID-LIQUID%20EXTRACTION.bmp 7/30/12 University of Colorado‚ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry (2012). Organic Chemistry Lab Techniques. University of Colorado‚ Boulder. http:/orgchem.colorado.edu/hndbksupport/ext/wxt.html 7/30/12
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precipitation method Do you still remember what is meant by double bond decomposition? [please refer to salts notes] General equation double bond decomposition/precipitation; Ionic equation for precipitation reaction. Salt Solubility in water Li+‚ Na+‚ K+‚ NH4+ All salt dissolve in water Nitrate‚ NO3- All nitrate salt dissolve in water Chloride All chloride salt dissolve dissolve in water except; PbCl2 - lead(II) chloride (dissolve in hot water) AgCl -
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companies often concentrate the byproduct solutions so that they are easier to dispose of. One particular chemical waste disposal company wishes to utilize these concentrated byproduct solutions to create potentially useful solids (Bauer 45). It was the lab group’s goal to design procedures for creating these useful solids out of the concentrated byproduct solutions. The concentrated byproduct solutions provided by the company were: 0.1 M of NaOH‚ H2SO4‚ BaCl‚ HCl‚ AgNO3‚ and Zn(NO3)2. With the byproduct
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the following example: Compound A is a non-polar compound and compound B is a polar compound. Add Petroleum ether (non-polar!) – Which will dissolve? Only Non-Polar A Add Diethyl Ether (more polar!) – Which will dissolve? Both! 1 In today’s lab‚ we’ll begin the separation for column chromatography with petroleum ether and only remove the non-polar compound. We will then switch to a more polar mixture of petroleum ether and diethyl ether to remove a more polar
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