TABLE OF CONTENTS What is a Mixture? What are the types of Mixtures? Define:-solutions -suspensions -colloids (Draw and compare.) Methods of separation 1. Filtration 2. Distillation (simple and fractional) 3. Paper chromatography 4. Solvent extraction 5. Separating funnel 6. Evaporation 7. Crystallization 8. Sublimation Draw and explain each. What is a mixture??? A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically
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non-polar. The more dense solvent is the bottom layer. In this case the aqueous water is on the bottom layer and the ether is on the top. Density is one way to differentiate each layer but the identities still have to be confirmed. A general rule of solubility is like dissolves like. Non-polar compounds‚ most organic compounds‚ are more soluble in non-polar solvents than in polar solvents. Ionic and polar compounds are more soluble in polar solvents like water. Ionic forms of the organic compound
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Temperature‚ pressure‚ and surface area all affect the dissolving process. Increasing the pressure causes the solute to be increased in the solvent‚ because the pressure forces the remaining gases into the solute. Therefore‚ pressure increases the solubility of the solution. Increasing the temperature causes the molecules to gain energy; the solvent molecules contact the solute particles more frequently. Increased surface area means that more of the solute is exposed to the solvent‚ dissolving the solute
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CHM 2046 L Scheme of Analysis for Unknown 9A/9B “Fair Game” Unknowns * Cations: Na+‚ K+‚ NH4+‚ Ca2+‚ Mg(H2O)62+‚ Al(H2O)63+‚ Zn(H2O)62+‚ Cu(H2O)2+‚ Ag(H2O)+ * Anions: Cl-‚ NO3-‚ SO4-2‚ HSO4-‚ OH-‚ CO3-2‚ HCO3-‚ S-2 * Insoluble Salts: Ca(OH)2‚ CaCO3‚ CaSO4‚ Mg(OH)2‚ MgCO3‚ Ag2O‚ AgCl‚ Ag2S‚ CuO‚ CuCO3‚ CuS‚ Zn(OH)2‚ ZnCO3‚ ZnS * Alums: [Al(OH2)6]2(SO4)3∙6H2O‚ Na[Al(OH2)6](SO4)2∙6H2O‚ K[Al(OH2)6](SO4)2∙6H2O‚ NH4[Al(OH2)6]2(SO4)2∙6H2O * Hydrated Ions: Na2CO3∙10H2O‚ Na2SO4∙10H2O
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Chapter 8: Salts 1. Salts A salt is an ionic compound. The anion part comes from the acid while the cation part comes from a base. Example: KCl‚ KOH(aq) + HCl(aq) KCl(aq) + H2O(l) A salt is a compound formed when the hydrogen ion. H+ from an acid is replaced by a metal ion or an ammonium ion‚ NH4+. Salts Nitrate salts Carbonate salts Chloride salts Soluble All nitrate salts Potassium carbonate‚ K2CO3 Ammonium carbonate‚ (NH4)2CO3 Sodium carbonate‚ Na2CO3 All chloride salts Except Sulphate salts
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APPENDIX A: Interim Report 1. Introduction – aim & objective Oil & Gas industry are facing extreme challenges especially as the demand of oil resources is growing every day. The extraction of oil is becoming more technically and geographically challenging as we are going deeper under severe conditions i.e. pressures and temperatures and using complex systems. These complex system and extreme conditions like in wide range of fluids‚ temperatures
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when there is only need to confirm the presence of proteins‚ a simple visual check for color change is enough. EMULSION TEST FOR lIPIDS The lipids are a large and diverse group of naturally occurring organic compounds that are related by their solubility in nonpolar organic solvents The emulsion test is a method to determine the presence of lipids using wet chemistry. The procedure is for the sample to be suspended in ethanol‚ allowing lipids present to dissolve (lipids are soluble in alcohols)
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A FEASIBILITY STUDY TO AUTOMATE THE SCHOOL SYSTEM OF THE PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MARIKINA PREPARED BY: SHIRLEY P. VILLANUEVA DEAN‚ COLLEGE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY GENERAL INFORMATION PROJECT SUMMARY A. NAME OF THE FIRM/PROJECT Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Marikina / Automated School System B. LOCATION PLMar is located in Concepcion‚ Marikina City. It has two satellite campuses namely Concepcion Elementary School and H. Bautista Elementary School. Classes in the main campus
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The Separation and Purification of Organic Compounds Sunshine Marie Introduction Each year‚ many thousands of new or unknown organic compounds are prepared or extracted from natural sources such as plants‚ fungi and animals. In order to identify an unknown organic compound or the components of a mixture of organic compounds‚ it is necessary firstly to separate and purify the compounds. At any given temperature‚ a certain number of molecules of a substance in the liquid state have sufficient
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Personal Project: Book Review Blog - Phase 4 Searage Arabi 10A Supervisor: Miss Oznur Australian International Academy Tables of Contexts Introduction …………………………………………………………………………................….. Page 3. About My Personal Project ………………………………………………………………………. Page 3. Area Of Interaction (AOI) Used ………………………………………………………………… Page 4. Plan Layout ……………………………………………………………………………………………….Page 4. Summary …………………………………………………………………………………………………
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