ischemia/reperfusion-induced kidney injury in obese rats Obese patients encounter higher frequency and severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) than lean ones. Telmisartan is used experimentally in ischemia/reperfusion (IR)-induced AKI. However‚ there is a lack of evidence regarding its beneficial effects on AKI in obese animals. The present study‚ therefore‚ aimed to explore the protective effect of garlic and telmisartan against renal damage induced by unilateral IR in obese rats fed a high fat diet for 16 wk. We also
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conversion to other storage forms‚ like glycogen or fats.[i] It also acts as an inhibitor to glycogen by not allowing it to break down into glucose and thus counter acts any metabolic activity that would increase the plasma levels of glucose.[ii] This experiment will study the effects of insulin on a normal rat‚ and on a rat that has been induced with Type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder in which the body attacks the insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas. The pancreas
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exercise program for older individuals. However‚ the role of progressive resistance training as a treatment regimen for improving the metabolic profile of older patients with type 2 diabetes has received little attention. Given that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes increases with age (9) and that aging is associated with a reduction in muscle strength and metabolic control‚ both of which are influenced by the progressive age-related decline in muscle mass (sarcopenia) (10)‚ resistance training may
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The excited neurons will trigger the subsequent neurons while the inhibitory neurons do not. The normal discharging of neurons involves a repetitive discharge at the low baseline frequencies‚ and it is the incorporated electrical activities established by the neurons. If the neurons are injured‚ damaged‚ or experience metabolic or electrical insult‚ the changes in the discharging pattern might develop. Regarding epilepsy‚ the normal low-frequency discharges are substituted by the surges of the discharges
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Lecture 10a THE DUAL-CENTER SET-POINT MODEL OF EATINGCOURSE MATERIAL AND Pinel LECTURE NOTES Outline: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The Early Studies Glucostatic and Lipostatic Theories v. Positive-Incentive Theories a. Glucostatic and Lipostatic Theories b. Positive-Incentive Theories Hypothalamic Hunger and Satiety Centers and The Dual-Center Set-Point Model a. Ventromedial Hypothalamus b. Lateral Hypothalamus Positive-Incentive Models of Feeding Current Research on the Biopsychology of Eating a. Palatability
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Enzyme Catalysis Lab Report by Kunal Bhattacharjee 1 Kunal Bhattacharjee Period 8 AP Bio Enzyme Lab Report INTRO: Enzymes are a type of proteins that are formed by Amino acids and help speed up metabolic reactions. They are able to do this by interacting with the substrate . The substrate is what is being breaking down in the reaction. The substrate comes in to contact with the enzyme by binding to the enzyme’s unique active site . This is called the enzymesubstrate complex
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Sepsis; pathophysiology‚ etiology and treatment Abstract To define the disease known as sepsis‚ briefly discuss its pathophysiology‚ etiology‚ signs‚ symptoms‚ and treatments. Outline protocols for sepsis screening‚ early directed goal therapy‚ and to establish the nurse’s role in the process. Sepsis is a complex disease‚ or response to a disease process that can lead to patient mortality rates up to 60%. Gram negative infectious organisms invade the blood stream‚ and activate a systemic
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Chemosynthetic Liver. Chief scientific officer of the Clinical Intelligence company Empiriko Mukund Chorghade created this chemical compound that creates accurate results with less confusion and economic waste. This piece of technology helps generates metabolic products that were only a gist in the past using Animal Testing are now explored with a new clarity. Mr. Chorghade says‚ “We can give you very accurate structural data‚ nothing is left to guess work.” There is already a successful sample trial made
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Lack of Acoustic Startle Response and Drug Addiction Amy L. Holmes Liberty University I. Abstract 3 II. Introduction 4 a. Stress 4 b. Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) 4 c. Dopamine 5 III. Acoustic Startle Response Defined 5 IV. Drug Addiction Defined 5 V. Case Studies 6 a. Opiate addiction 6 b. Alcohol addiction
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fear-potentiated startle in rats trained concurrently with auditory and visual conditioned stimuli. J Neurosci 15:2301–2311. Cassella J‚ Davis M (1986) The design and calibration of a startle measurement system. Physiol Behav 36:377–383. Collinridge G‚ Bliss T (1995) Memories of NMDA receptors and LTP. Trends Neurosci 18:54 –56. Cox J‚ Westbrook R (1994) The NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 blocks acquisition and extinction of conditioned hypoalgesia responses in the rat. Q J Exp Psychol 47B:187–210
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