differences. Apparatus: Test tubes Measuring cylinders Wooden splinter Test tube rack Thermometer Glass rod Materials: Sodium peroxide Silicon (IV) oxide Universal indicator solution Magnesium oxide Phosphorus pentoxide Litmus paper Safety measurements: Safety spectacle **Warning: Phosphorus (V) oxide is corrosive and irritates eyes‚ skin and lungs. Sodium peroxide is also corrosive and a powerful oxidant. Procedure: Part A: Appearance: Examine your oxide samples‚ and in Table
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dissolved in water‚ a buffer is formed when the weak acid citric acid is present with sodium citrate (citrate ion) the conjugate base (Buffer Balancing Acts Buffers‚ 2009) "Na3C3H5O7 (aq) + 3 HCl (aq) H3C3H5O7 (aq) + 3 NaCl (aq)" (Senese‚ 2010) By exchanging the Na+ in sodium hydrogen carbonate with the H+ from the excess hydrochloric acid present in the stomach (Stigliani‚ B. 2014)‚ the reaction of sodium citrate to hydrochloric acid reforms
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and sodium nitrate are heated separately‚ both decompose giving oxygen gas as one of the products. (i) Which of these two nitrates would decompose at the lower temperature? .........................................................………………………………………….................... (ii) Give the name of any other product formed when sodium nitrate is heated. .........................................................………………………………………….................... (iii) Write an equation for the thermal decomposition of lithium
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environment. Glucose‚ as a product is used to make energy for growth. Lastly‚ the oxygen is a waste product in this chemical reaction‚ which become part of the Earth’s atmosphere. At this experiment‚ carbon dioxide and water were replaced by ‘Sodium hydrogen carbonate’ because this led to simpler procedures than using carbon dioxide and water separately. During photosynthesis‚ leaves only accept certain wavelength of light. For instance‚ most of leaves reflects radiation and receive blue and red colours
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neutral | nucleus | 7. Complete the following table by filling in the boxes with the appropriate information for the neutral elements. Name of isotope | Atomic number | Mass number | Number of protons | Number of electrons | Number of neutrons | hydrogen-1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
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Title: Formation of a Salt Objective: Students will observe the reaction of NaHCO3 and HCl. Students will draw the Lewis Electron Dot Diagrams of Na+ and Cl-. Students will site examples of how to identify an ionic compound. Materials: Materials include 6M of HCl and NaHCO3 ‚ a 100 milliliter (mL) beaker‚ a 10 mL graduated cylinder‚ a dropper‚ phenol red indicator‚ distilled water‚ a hot plate‚ a balance‚ a magnifying glass‚ and beaker tongs. Procedure: First‚ measure the mass of
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Page Compiled and edited by : Jong Kah Yin 1 SPM CHEMISTRY INDEX CONTENT 1 REVISION CHECK-LIST Form 4 Form 5 2 WRITING EQUATIONS 2.1 Charges of ions 2.2 Formulae of compounds 2.3 Reactions of Acid 2.4 Displacement of Metals 2.5 Double decomposition reaction 2.6 Others 3 CALCULATIONS 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 4 Relative Masses Mole and Number of particles Mole and Mass & Volume of Gases Empirical and Molecular Formulae Calculations involving Acids and Alkali Thermochemistry 23 24 24 – 25 26
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Specimen Paper Centre Number Surname Other Names Examiner’s Initials Candidate Signature Question Mark Candidate Number For Examiner’s Use General Certificate of Secondary Education Foundation Tier 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Science A Unit Chemistry C1 Chemistry 1F Chemistry Unit Chemistry C1 For this paper you must have: • a ruler • the Data Sheet (enclosed). You may use a calculator. F 8 9 TOTAL Time allowed ! 60 minutes Instructions ! ! ! ! Use black ink or black ball-point
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Disrupting ocean ecosystem SALT AND WATER NONFISHERIES PRODUCTS: • Salts (table salt)- is an ionic compound composed of one atom of sodium (Naˉ) and one atom of chlorine (Cl+) which is responsible in the salinity of seawater. • (Naˉ) + (Cl+) = NaCl (table salt) • Water- is composed of two atoms of hydrogen (Hˉ) and one atoms of oxygen (O+) bind together by hydrogen bond. • 2(Hˉ) + 1(O+) = H2O SALT • • • • 30% of the world’s supply sea salt is extracted and refined to produce table salt. processed
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through limestone or chalk (calcium carbonate) it will be hard. (1) Soft water is gratification water in which the only cation (positively charged ion) is sodium. The minerals in water give it an idiosyncratic taste. Some natural mineral waters are highly desired for their flavour and the health benefits they may converse. (3) Extremely hard water affects plumbing such as pipes and the performance of certain cleaning agents. When the water is heated the carbonates precipitate out of solution‚ forming
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