Sample essays and suggested plans for content 1. The process of diffusion and its importance in living organisms Definition Fick’s Law Types of diffusion e.g. Facilitated diffusion‚ osmosis Gas exchange in unicells‚ fish‚ mammals and plants Digestion and absorption of products Exchange of materials between blood in capillaries and tissues e.g. placenta Transpiration‚ root pressure‚ water and ion uptake by roots Translocation and mass flow hypothesis Osmoregulation by blood and kidney‚ unicells
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Biology Year 11 Yearly Notes Chapter One – A local ecosystem 1.1 Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments -Ecosystem: any environment containing living organisms interacting with each other and with the non-living parts of that environment. -Environment: the environment of an organism is its surroundings‚ both living and non-living -Habitat: the habitat of an organism is the place where it lives. Australian Environments * Terrestrial environments are environments on land. Land covers about
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IGCSE Biology 2012 exam revision notes by Samuel Lees Contents: Section I: Characteristics and classification of living organisms 1. Characteristics of living organisms 2. Classification and diversity of living organisms 2.1 Concept and use of a classificatory system 2.2 Adaptations of organisms to their environment 3. Simple Keys Section II: Organisation and maintenance of the organism 1. Cell structure and organisation 2. Levels of organisation 3. Size of specimens 4. Movement in and out
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nutrients. *Characteristics of Seedless and Vascular Plants: Includes: ferns‚ club mosses‚ and horsetails Have vascular tissue They are able to grow bigger and taller Within vascular plants is the phloem‚ the vessel that transports food‚ and the xylem‚ which transports water Vascular plants actually live in both terrestrial and aquatic environments They have true stems‚ roots and leaves. *Characteristic of Ferns: Are vascular plants Ferns can live in drier places Ferns have a highly developed
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Nabila Anika • Vascular plants-plants with vascular tissue; pteridophytes‚ gymnosperms‚ and angiosperms; includes all modern species except the mosses and their relatives • Vascular tissue-plant tissue consisting of cells joined into tubes that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant body • Pteridophytes-seedless plants with true roots and lignified vascular tissue; ferns‚ horsetails‚ and whisk ferns • Bryophytes-nonvascular plants; lack water conducting tissues and
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Topic 1: The building blocks of cells Lesson Specification learning outcomes Prior learning from KS3 HSW statements BTEC Links Lesson B2.1 Plant and animal cells 1.2 Describe the function of the components of a plant cell including chloroplast‚ large vacuole‚ cell wall‚ cell membrane‚ mitochondria‚ cytoplasm and nucleus Year 9 Explain‚ using a range of models and analogies‚ how the specialised cells and tissues involved in movement and support are adapted to their function‚ e.g. muscle cells
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indirectly through the production of carotenoids. Carotenoids are pigments produced by the chloroplast which have 40 carbons. Breakdown of these carotenoids occurs in a complex mechanism which produces ABA. The transport of ABA can occur in both xylem and phloem tissues. It can also be translocated through paranchyma cells. The movement of abscisic acid in plants does not exhibit polarity like auxins. ABA is capable of moving both up and down the stem. The various roles of ABA are Stimulates
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Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is an annual plant native to the Americas. It possesses a large inflorescence (flowering head). The sunflower is named after its huge‚ fiery blooms‚ whose shape and image are often used to depict the sun. It has a rough‚ hairy stem‚ broad‚ coarsely toothed‚ rough leaves and circular heads of flowers. The heads consist of many individual flowers which mature into seeds‚ often in the hundreds‚ on a receptacle base. From the Americas‚ sunflower seeds were brought to Europe
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species Based on biologists‚ plants are divided into four main groups: 1. Phylum Bryophyta 2. Phylum Pteridophytae 3. Phylum Angiosperms 4. Phylum Gymnosperms These four main groups were classified based on: The presence/absence of vascular tissues (xylem and phloem; transport of nutrients) The presence/absence of seeds Two types of plants 1. Non-Flowering Mosses (Bryophyta) Ferns (Pteridophytae) Gymnosperms 2. Flowering Angiosperms Monocotyledon Dicotyledon Vascular tissues and the seeds play a
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pressure that forced the contents in X (with the dye) to move into Y (1) via the tubing L (ii) ● tubing M channelled water from flask B to flask A (1) ● this resulted in a continual supply of water for mass flow (1) ● M = *Xylem (1) (iii) X‚ sucrose formed by the photosynthetic mesophyll cell resembles the low water potential condition in X (1) (accept correct alternatives) (N.B. No mark for the correct choice of osmometer if no
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