Chemical Bonds Go to http://www2.nl.edu/jste/bond.htm 1. What is an ion? An ion is an atom that has gained or lost electrons. 2. What type of bonds do oppositely charged ions form? Oppositely charged ions form ionic bonds. 3. A sodium ion is different than a sodium atom. It has a positive charge. How many protons and electrons does a sodium atom have? Number of protons 11; Number of electrons 18 How about a chlorine ion? Number of protons 17; Number of electrons 18 4. What type of bond form
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LAB#: 20 SKILL: Planning and Designing OBSERVATIONS: A student is given a small beaker containing an unknown salt‚ x. The salt is crystalline‚ deliquescent and colorless. The student is asked to perform test and observation on the salt to determine the cation and anion present. HYPOTHESIS: Perhaps by using the flame test or reacting salt x with NaOH‚ or NH4OH the cation could be distinguished by observing the color changes or solubility while reacting salt x with H2SO4 or a mixture of copper
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both metallic constituents as cations and non-metallic constituents as anions. In this experiment‚ you will analyze a known solution that contains the entire Group I cations—silver‚ lead‚ and mercury (I)—and an unknown solution to determine which ions are present and which are absent. II. DISCUSSION: The chlorides of Pb2+‚ Hg22+ and Ag+ are all insoluble in cold water. They can be removed as a group from solution by the addition of HCl. The reactions that occur are simple precipitations and
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covalent bonds. Each oxygen atom has two unpaired electrons and can form 2 covalent bonds. Covalent Bonding in water‚ H2O Ionic Bonding Ionic bonding is bonding in which there has been a transfer of electrons from one atom to another to produce ions. The substance is held together
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Scribd Extrascore Sample Questions - Answers Q.1: What are the µlaws of chemical combination¶? Ans: There are two important laws of chemical combination established by Lavoisier‚are as follows: (i) Law of Conservation of Mass The law of conservation of mass states that mass can neither be created nor destroyedin a chemical reaction.(ii) Law of Constant Proportions The Law of Constant Proportions which is also known as the Law of DefiniteProportions‚ was established by Proust
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atom are removed and attached to another atom‚ resulting in positive and negative ions which attract each other. Other types of bonds include metallic bonds and hydrogen bonding. The attractive forces between molecules in a liquid can be characterized as van der Waals bonds. What is an Ionic Bond? An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond formed through an electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions. Ionic bonds are formed due to the attraction between an atom that has lost one
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1 OCTOBER 5 2013 QUALITATIVE TESTS FOR SOME CATIONS II I. Introduction Qualitative analysis schemes are often based on selective precipitation of different cations. By carefully selecting reagents and conditions for reactions‚ groups of ions can be separated on the basis of their reactivity and the solubility of their salts. This enables the experimenter to use simple techniques with standard laboratory equipment‚ as well as to learn some descriptive chemistry. Cations are Alkali and Alkaline
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Gerona‚ Evelyn Chemical Reactions Experiment No. 7 Date Performed: Feb. 17‚ 2014 Date Submitted: Feb. 24‚ 2014 Mrs. Vitancol I. Theoretical Framework A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically‚ chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in the forming and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms‚ with no change to the nuclei (no change to the elements present)‚ and can often
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redox of Cu2+ and Zn‚ and precipitation of Zn(OH)2‚ leading to an overall reaction of Cu(OH)2(s) + Zn(s) ⇌ Zn(OH)2(s) + Cu(s). When 6.0 M HNO3 was added to the fourth test tube‚ the precipitate disappeared. The H+ ions from the complete dissociation of HNO3 neutralize the OH- ions. This results to the shifting of the system to the right. The addition of 6.0 M NH3 in the fifth test tube caused the formation of the deep blue [Cu(NH3)4]2+ complex. The new equilibrium was established from the dissociation
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of the three dyes? a. Red No. 40‚ Blue No. 1‚ Yellow No. 5 contain carbon rings and NaSO3. Additionally‚ Red No. 40 and Yellow No. 5 are very similar‚ as they both contain one nitrogen double bond‚ a hydroxyl group‚ and no ions. Blue No.1 contains nitrogen and chlorine ions and N(C2H5)CH2. 2. In the Introductory Activity‚ the developing solvents were 2% sodium chloride aqueous solution and 2% isopropyl alcohol aqueous solution. Draw separate molecular diagrams of how sodium chloride and isopropyl
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