Submitted by
Mohammed Mohsin.K
211103
Section “E”
2nd year PGDM
SJCBA
Geert Hofstede is an influential Dutch researcher in the fields of organizational studies and more concretely organizational culture, also cultural economics and management. He is a well-known pioneer in his research of cross-cultural groups and organizations and played a major role in developing a systematic framework for assessing and differentiating national cultures and organizational cultures. His studies demonstrated that there are national and regional cultural groups that influence behavior of societies and organizations.
Geert Hofstede conducted one of the most comprehensive studies of how values in the workplace are influenced by culture. “Culture is the collective programming of the mind distinguishing the members of one group or category of people from others He analyzed a large data base of employee values scores collected by IBM between 1967 and 1973 covering more than 70 countries, from which he first used the 40 largest only and afterwards extended the analysis to 50 countries and 3 regions. Hofstede dimensions of national culture:-Power Distance (PDI),Individualism versus Collectivism (IDV)Masculinity versus Femininity (MAS)Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI) Long-Term Orientation
Culture only exists by comparison- societies are compared to other societies. Without make a comparison a country score is meaningless. The forces that cause cultures to shift tend to be global or continent-wide. This means that they affect many countries at the same time, so that if their cultures shift, they shift together, and their relative positions remain the same.
The country scores on The Hofstede Dimensions can also be found to correlate with other data about the countries in question. Some examples: Power distance is correlated with income inequality in a country. Individualism is