Six Summaries of Some Related Literature
In David Zinczenko’s article “Don’t Blame the Eater,” first published on November 23, 2002 in the New York Times: Zinczenko argues that children have no other affordable choice to fast food which leads to health problems and health cost. Specifically, Zinczenko came from a split home, dad went his way and mom worked long hours, lunch and diner was a choice of numerous fast food restaurants where the affordable option. The author joined the Navy Reserves used a health magazine to learn to manage his diet. Zinczenko’s view is most won’t turn their lives around as he did and will have a lifetime of obesity. He elaborates the problem is just not the obese but …show more content…
all of ours.
Later in the article he compares money spent treating diabetes over a time span and the general cause of diabetes over a time span. With 2.6 billion spent in 1969 for diabetes and today 100 billion a year. Before 1994 mostly a genetic disorder caused diabetes in children with 5 percent obesity related and today 30 percent are obesity related.
The author states that some would argue we should know better than to eat two fast food meals a day. He argues back where are they supposed to find alternatives. Using the comparison of a McDonald’s on every block, but try to find a grapefruit on the same block. Zinczenko also compares labeling laws on grocery items and warnings on tobacco to the lack of labeling and warning on prepared food. For example a supposed 150 calorie meal list on a fast food company’s Web site after the trimmings is really 1,040 calorie meal.
As David Zinczenko himself put it, “ Make fun if you will of these kids launching lawsuits against the fast food industry, but don’t be surprised if you’re the next plaintiff. As with the tobacco industry, it may be only a matter of time before state governments begin to see a direct line between the $1 billion that McDonald’s and Burger King spend each year on advertising and their own swelling health care cost.” (393) of They Say / I Say the Moves that Matter in Academic Writing with Readings Second Edition.
According to the author the fast food industry marketing is vulnerable and should protect itself and customers with nutrition information. He goes on to warn of more sick, obese kids, and litigations to follow. Is Fast Food the New Tobacco:
Six Summaries of Some Related Literature
In Radley Balko’s essay “What You Eat Is Your Business,” first published on May 23, 2004 on Cato.org, a site sponsored by the Cato Institute: Balko argues that obesity is personal responsibility , not a public healthcare issue. Balko points out media bias, nutrition activists, and policy makers are pushing for the socialization of medicine. Specifically, Balko believes in limited government, individual liberty, free markets and peace. With individual ownership of your health and well-being responsibility belonging to the individual. He elaborates that government anti-obesity initiatives, prohibiting some foods, federal funding for bike paths and sidewalks, demanding labels on food, and restricting food marketing are bring government between you and your waistline.
Later in the essay he point’s out anti-obesity measures costing the public money. To include 200 million earmarked by the federal government. The proposal of a fat tax by two senator’s and menu labeling legislation. That by labeling obesity as a collective problem with collective ownership it leads to more federal restrictions on the consumers civil liberties.
The author states this is the wrong way to fight obesity. Instead of intervention a sense of responsibility and ownership should be encouraged to fight obesity. He warns that we are moving towards a socialist health care system, where your health is a matter of public health instead of a matter of personal responsibility. This system will require some to pay for others medicine and more federal control of health care. Balko argues that this will prevent health insurers from charging the obese higher premiums and removes the financial incentive of being healthy.
Radley Balko says in this essay, “The best way to alleviate obesity public health crisis is to remove obesity from the realm of public health. It doesn’t belong there anyway. It’s difficult to think of anything more private and of less public concern that what we choose to put into our bodies. It only becomes a public matter when we force the public to pay for the consequences of those choices. If policymakers want to fight obesity, they’ll halt the creeping socialization of medicine, and move to return individual Americans’ ownership of their own health and well-being back to individual Americans.” (397) of They Say / I Say the Moves that Matter in Academic Writing with Readings Second Edition.
According to the author everyone will make better choices when someone else isn’t paying for the consequences.
Is Fast Food the New Tobacco:
Six Summaries of Some Related Literature
In Judith Warner’s article “Junking Junk Food” first published on November 25, 2010 in the New York Times Magazine: Warner sites several examples of protest to anti-obesity effort of the government and in her argument quotes David Kessler, the former U.S. Food and Drug Administration commissioner to support her view to combat obesity you first must have a shift in cultural attitudes. Specifically she uses examples of Sarah Palin and Glen Beck using public speaking in opposition to government oversight of junk food.
Further on in the article the author states that two-thirds of American adults and 17 percent of children are obese. She then argues that the Obama administration has taken unprecedented steps in public education, and healthier eating. She also includes that Michelle Obama has made this her personal project enlisting some bipartisan support and some support of the food industry.
The author’s main argument is summed up when she states, “For in waging war on fat and sugar, what the administration is doing is taking on central aspects of the American lifestyle. Eating to much indiscriminately, anywhere, at any time, in response to any and all stimuli, is as central to our freewheeling, mavericky way of being as car cup holders and drive throughs. You can’t change specific eating behavior without addressing that way of life- without changing our culture of food. You need to present healthful eating as a new, desirable, freely chosen expression of the American way.” (402) of They Say / I Say the Moves that Matter in Academic Writing with Readings Second Edition.
Later in the article she uses the example of World War II how food rationing programs appealed to the public both nutritionally and psychologically. By eating the way the government wanted you to you were both health and serving the greater good by doing your patriotic duty.
Judith Warner closes her article by asking a question to raise awareness by wondering if Michelle Obama can change eating habits all on her own.
Is Fast Food the New Tobacco:
Six Summaries of Some Related Literature
In Michael Pollan’s essay which was excerpted from “In the Defense of Food: An Eater’s Manifesto,” first published on January 1,2008 by Penguin Press: In this excerpt Pollan argues the nutrition sciences should not control your diet that we need to go backwards that nutrition theories are hurting American eating habits. By going backwards he implies that you should eat as your ancestors did.
Pollan explores the workings between nutritionism and the western diet, his answer being to eat the foods our ancestors would have less processed food and mostly plants. The author briefly warns that it doesn’t benefit the food industry or medical industry to correct the problem. Key word with both being industry and they are in business to make money. He also claims that foods you eat for example beef have became a processed food compared to the beef your ancestors would have ate.
Later in the excerpt Michael Pollan states, “ If my explorations of the food chain have taught me anything, it’s that it’s a food chain, and all the links in it are in fact linked: the health of the soil to the health of the plants and animals we eat to the health of the food culture in which we eat them to the health of the eater, in body as well as mind.” (439) of They Say / I Say the Moves that Matter in Academic Writing with Readings Second Edition.
The author recommends that Americans spend more time and money on their food. To focus on all the eating habits, to include the manners, more time spent shopping and preparing, how to eat, to create a healthy, pleasing eating culture Pollan also warns of the food like products that surround us that would not of been available to our ancestors, while continuing to argue that you eat mostly non processed plants.
Is Fast Food the New Tobacco:
Six Summaries of Some Related Literature
In Mary Maxfield’s essay “Food as Thought: Resisting the Moralization of Eating” first published on November 15, 2011 by W.
W. Norton & Company Inc. in “They Say / I Say: The Moves That Matter in Academic Writing, with Readings” The author argues and singles out Michael Pollan’s books and idea’s as wrong and dangerous. She continues through much of the essay to debunk everything he has written.
In the essay, Maxfield continued for much of the essay to discredit Pollan’s work claiming he was just another of many experts to the masses who can’t properly feed themselves. She leans more favorable towards Kate Harding Paul Campos train of thought which are scholars who find fault with the body mass index to calculate body fat and determine obesity. The author falls in line with and quotes several times nutritionists Michelle Allison who believes in health at every size and what a person eats doesn’t matter as how they eat it.
The author originally wrote this in a blog, it depends heavily on the arguments of others. With the author choosing a clear side of Allison which suggest that to trust yourself, trust your body and meet your needs. That we unnecessarily complicate the eating of food , because food is neutral, not good or bad, moral or immoral. Claiming these idea’s are projected onto the food by your
culture.
Is Fast Food the New Tobacco:
Six Summaries of Some Related Literature
In Susie Orbach’s essay which was excerpted from “Fat Is A Feminists Issue “ first published by Susie Orbach in 1978: In this excerpt Orbach argues that women are subjected to a diet and sexy body obsessed society. She points out all of society’s stereotypes. Specifically how compulsive eating is mostly a woman’s problem and that fat is a social disease , at the same time being a feminist issue.
The author states, “The relegation of women to the social roles of wife and mother has several significant consequences that contribute to the problem of fat. First in order to become a wife and mother, a woman has to have a man. Getting a man is presented as an almost unattainable and yet essential goal. To get a man, a woman has to learn to regard herself as an item, a commodity, a sex object. Much of her experience and identity depends on how she and others see her.” (450) of They Say / I Say the Moves that Matter in Academic Writing with Readings Second Edition.
Orbach relates compulsive eating to a feminist statement as a attempt to break societies mold. Being fat as an act of rebellion against the powerlessness of being a woman. She explains how women are surrounded society’s image of what they should be and the eating anxieties that go with it. The author in this excerpt takes food and fat and turns it into a social issue.