Electric And Hybrid Cars Case Study

1.4.2.3 Graphical Explanation Fig.6: "The Bass New Product Growth Model" - Source: adapted from https://slidemodel.com.

Bass differentiates two clusters due to influences.
1. "Innovators": whom adopting decisions are independent from ones of other members of social system. They are driven by external influence and forces like mass media communication channels.

2. "Imitators": second in time in the adoption of innovation they are driven by internal influences and forces generated by interpersonal network of the social system. World of mouth effect and opinion leaders generate pressure of adopting among members. Spread and shared information infect non adopters to turn into adopters. Cumulated information and rational behaviour (due to cost/benefits
From the book "Electric and Hybrid Cars A History" written by Curtis D. Anderson and July Anderson in 2010 we can assess that: "The history of electric vehicles can be generally divided into three parts: the early years (1890–1929), including their golden age of dominance in the market from about 1895 to1905; the middle years (1930–1989); and the current years (1990–present)." An historical analysis through past decades is needed to answers question as "where and when this innovation come from?"; "which are the features developed over years?"; "how did the economy and the market react?"; "who are the relevant actors of this innovation?"; "which his the heritage left to now days?"; "can be recorded a change in the EVs usage pattern in this given time?"; "or a change in the need of transportation?". While a market overview of the current present market share is needed to clearly understand the actual situation of the innovation. As a point of start for defining future scenarios in the long term, the current EVs sector situation
Historical proof show in 1881 the conversion of a tricycle created by M. Raffard in France in the first EV. While the first known commercial application is ascribable with a Taxi fleet in New York in 1897. Even if those EV was able to drive only 18 miles short range per day and the ride was expensive due to the high cost of production, the fleet was however able to satisfy the transportation need of consumers in big cities. As well as France in 1903 in New York state 20% of cars was electric, even if EV was closely designed with carriage forms. The inconveniencies of EVs at that time were: increased weight carried, maintenance and renewal of batteries, high loss for recharging time. While in the United States Electric Vehicle Company was manufacturing eight different models; in 1899, in Paris, Jeantaud was the leader of a factory producing an electric cab that permformed a distance of sixty kilometers in less than four hours (~16km/h). In 1897 was launched a 25 electric taxicab service in London to compete carriages able to run in range of about 50km. The major trasportation company that adopter hat new technology all over the world were Taxicab company due to the fact that recharging battery station/garage were spotted in 2/3 point of the city. But in 1900 New York municipality was thinking to adopt recharging hydrants delivering watts for coins in order to simplify and enlarge to