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Empowerment Literature Review

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Empowerment Literature Review
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of effective leadership on customer service. Much research has been completed in the areas of effective leadership, effective management and effective customer service, individually. However, research in the assessment of how effective leadership influences customer satisfaction is difficult to locate. This should be an area well researched as customer satisfaction can be an area of great competitive advantage within most industries.
It has been shown that effective leadership, if influenced throughout the hierarchical chain of an organization, can have a great effect on customer satisfaction. As effective leadership empowers employees to achieve a high level of customer service. This empowerment increases self-efficacy within all aspects of an organization from the quality of the product to the helpfulness of the sales force. These assets; quality and good customer service, are what customers look for in a company and these same assets keep customers returning.

Introduction
Effective management is important to an organization in order to keep the firm on track and functioning. Customers are what make the organization stay in business. Without customers there is no business. Customers can be citizens to a municipality or consumers to a retail store. Good customer service is important to keep the customers coming back and therefore, not doing business with the next closest competitor. Effective management may make a difference in how employees interact with customers.
Research has been done on effective management, effective leadership and even effective customer service. It is even known how employees are affected by leadership and management; how production increases or decreases depending on the type of management and how employees react to different types of managers. However, little research could be found on the effect on customer services from effective leadership.
This paper will review



References: Berry, L. L., Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A. (1988). The service-quality puzzle. Business Horizons, 31(5), 35-43. Conger, J Druskat, V. U., & Wheeler, J. (2003). Managing from the boundary: The effective leadership of self-managing work teams. Academy of Management Journal, 46(4), 435-459. Kanter, R. M. (1989). The new managerial work. Harvard Business Review, 67(6), 85–92. Levinson, H. (1989). Designing and managing you career. Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing Division. Longenecker, L. G., Moore, C. W., Palich, L. E., Petty, J. W. (2005). Small business management: an entrepreneurial emphasis (13 ed.). Mason, OH: Thomson South-Western. Miller, K. I. & Monge, P. R. (1986). Participation, satisfaction, and productivity: a meta-analytic review. Academy of Management Journal, 29(4), 727-753. Nickels, W. G., McHugh, J. M. & McHugh, S. M. (2010). Understanding lower case book title Business. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Rust, R. T. & Zahorik, A. J. (1993). Customer satisfaction, customer retention, and market share. Journal of Retailing, 69(2), 193-215. Spreitzer, G. M. (1995). Psychological empowerment in the workplace: Dimensions, measurement, and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), 1442–1465. Thomas, K. W., & Velthouse, B. A. (1990). Cognitive elements of empowerment: An “interpretive” model of intrinsic task motivation. Academy of Management Review, 15(4), 666–681. Ugboro, I. O. & Obeng, K. (2000). Top management leadership, employee empowerment, job satisfaction, and customer satisfaction in TQM organizations: an empirical study. Journal of Quality Management, 5(2), 247-272. Williams, C. (2008). MGMT. Mason, OH: Thomson South-Western.

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