The cardiovascular system consists of : heart (심장), and vessels (혈관), arteries (동맥), capillaries (모세혈관) and veins (정맥). A functional cardiovascular system is vital (필수적인) for supplying oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removing wastes from them. Paths of Circulation: Pulmonary(폐의) Circuit : carrying blood to the lungs and back 1. The pulmonary circuit is made up of vessels that convey blood from the right ventricle to the pulmonary arteries to the lungs, alveolar capillaries, and pulmonary veins leading from the lungs to the left atrium. 2. Carries the deoxygenated blood away from the heart to the lungs, and there by it brings the oxygen containing blood from lungs to the heart. Systemic Circuit : carrying blood from the heart to the rest of body 1. The systemic circuit includes the aorta (대동맥) and its branches leading to all body tissues as well as the system of veins returning blood to the right atrium. 2. Carries the oxygenated blood from the heart to the body, and also brings back the deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart. Structure of the Heart A. Size and Location of the Heart 1. The heart lies in the mediastinum under the sternum; its apex extends to the fifth intercostal space. 2. Approximately the size of the fist (주먹) 3. Location - Superior surface of diaphragm - Left of the midline - Anterior to the vertebral column, posterior to the sternum Coverings of the Heart 1. The pericardium(심장막) which encloses the heart. - Protects and anchors the heart - Prevents overfilling of the heart with blood - Allows for the heart to work in a relatively friction-free environment 2. It is made of two layers: I. The outer, tough connective tissue fibrous pericardium II. visceral pericardium (epicardium; 외심막) that surrounds the heart. 3. At the base of the heart, the visceral pericardium folds back to become the parietal pericardium that lines the fibrous pericardium. 4. Between the parietal and visceral pericardia is a potential space (pericardial cavity) filled…
Chapter 18: The Cardiovascular System: The Heart Heart Anatomy Approximately the size of a fist Location Enclosed in pericardium, a double-walled sac Pericardium Superficial fibrous pericardium Deep two-layered serous pericardium Layers of the Heart Wall Epicardium—visceral layer of the serous pericardium Myocardium Endocardium is continuous with endothelial lining of blood vessels Chambers Four chambers: two atria and two ventricles Atria: The Receiving Chambers Walls are ridged by pectinate muscles Vessels entering right atrium o Superior vena cava o Inferior vena cava o Coronary sinus Vessels entering left atrium o Right and left pulmonary veins Ventricles: The Discharging Chambers Walls are ridged by trabeculae carneae Papillary muscles project into the ventricular cavities Vessel leaving the right ventricle o Pulmonary trunk Vessel leaving the left ventricle o Aorta Pathway of Blood Through the Heart The heart is two side-by-side pumps o Right side is the pump for the pulmonary circuit Vessels that carry blood to and from the lungs o Left side is the pump for the systemic circuit Vessels that carry the blood to and from all body tissues Pathway of Blood Through the Heart Right atrium tricuspid valve right ventricle Right ventricle pulmonary semilunar valve pulmonary trunk pulmonary arteries lungs…
The myocardium, commonly referred to as the heart, acts as a pump for transporting blood around the body via a collective system, known as the cardiovascular system. This system has various components; blood vessels; mainly arteries, veins and capillaries. The cardiovascular system has four main functions within the body. Firstly to transport dissolved oxygen, hormones, nutrients, salts, enzymes and urea to cells located around various places within the body, whilst at the same time eliminating any waste products such as carbon dioxide and water. Secondly, to protect the body from infection and blood loss. Thirdly, to distribute heat around the body to enable a healthy temperature of 37oc and finally to aid the body to maintain fluid balance. This ‘human pump’ can be regarded as two pumps. The fist sized organ contains two muscular chambers; the upper chamber; the atrium and the lower; the ventricle. The right side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood from the veins to the lungs for oxygenation, whilst the left side pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs to the body. It is important to note that the two sides are separated by a septum. The blood flows through the heart twice within one cycle, this is known as ‘double circulation’.…
1. Track a drop of blood from its entry into the right atrium until it leaves the left ventricle. Be sure to include all anatomical landmarks, including the major vessels and valves the blood passes through on this journey.…
Heart is associated to cardiovascular system, heart is also known as the blood-pump of the body. It pumps blood through the circulatory system to all parts of the body. The blood carries food and oxygen to the cells and carries away carbon dioxide and waste materials. The right hand side of the heart receives de-oxygenated blood from the body tissues, and pumps it to the lungs. The left-hand side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it into the body, so that the oxygen can be delivered to cells.…
Choose the correct answer for each question and mark it on your bubble sheet. Be careful to follow the instructions on the bubble sheet for correctly recording your answers.…
The components of blood include red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. Some blood cells carry oxygen (necessary for metabolic reactions), some blood cells fight off invading substances that could destroy your cells, and other blood cells help to form clots, which keep your body from losing too much blood…
Epicardium: external layer; smooth slippery texture to outermost surface; includes adipose and coronary blood vessels…
The heart lies in the thoratic cavity, organs associated with the heart are inferiorly, the hearts apex rested on the tendon of the diaphragm, superiorly, the great blood vessels, posteriorly the oesophagus, trachea and the left and right bronchus, laterally, the lungs and anteriorly the sternum and ribs. (Waugh& Grant 2014). The heart provides a constant blood circulation action and the blood vessels provide a network for the blood flow. The heart is the pump responsible for maintaining adequate circulation of oxygenated blood around the vascular network of the body, ( www.le.ac.uk) the right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs (pulmonary circulation) and the left side receives oxygenated blood and supplies it to the rest of the body (systemic circulation). There are three types of blood vessel, arteries, capilleries and veins. Blood is pumped from the heart through the arteries at high pressure which could damage the tissue so it needs to go through the capillaires which are smaller low pressure blood vessels that are responsilbe for providing oxygen to the tissues, they also absord excess carbon dioxide and then deliver the blood into the veins which then supply the blood back to the heart. The heart generates its own electrical impulses, it does not rely on any other external mechanisn to make it beat. A normal heart rate is 60-80 times per minute, factors which can decrease or…
In this roller coaster of a book, I am currently on page 326 out of 537. The author of this book is Ellen Hopkins. When I started this book I thought it was just another story about a teenager that didn’t have any friends but that all changed when she went to Nevada. Throughout this journal I will be visualizing, predicting and questioning.…
a) In zone 1, a decrease in PK and an increase in PNa: In zone 2, an increase in PCa…
“Don’t mistake my kindness for weakness”. Not a quote from To Kill a Mockingbird but very meaningful in the story. Especially towards one of the key main characters of the story, Atticus Finch. He shows an extraordinary amount of bravery by not fighting, but showing kindness against a violent and vehement opposition. To Kill a Mockingbird is about the courage not in fighting but in holding true to your word and showing kindness to those without it. Atticus (and others) are not weak for their kindness, they are actually the strongest characters in the entire…
The function of red blood cells are to carry oxygen to your cells and remove carbon dioxide from…
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. This system has three main functions: Transport of nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to cells throughout the body and removal of metabolic wastes (carbon dioxide, nitrogenous wastes).…
The cardiovascular system (heart, blood, and blood vessels) works together with the RESPIRATORY system (air passages, lungs). As air is breathed in, the blood picks up oxygen from the lungs. The blood carries the oxygen to the heart. The heart pumps the blood into the arteries and on to the muscles and other body cells. Muscle cells need oxygen to keep working. Waste products are given off by the working muscle cells and are then removed by the blood. The veins return the blood containing wastes back to the heart. The heart pumps this returning blood to the lungs where wastes are exchanged for more oxygen, and the process begins all over again. The heart is a muscle and like other muscles, the heart gets stronger through the right kind of exercise. The heart acts as a pump to supply blood to the…