Quality Circles (QC) or Quality Control Circles (QCC) : History * Pioneered by Japanese. * Japanese nomenclature: Quality Control Circles (QCC), generally now known as Quality Circles (QC) or some call it as Small Group Activity (SGA). * 1962: First QC Circle was registered with QC Circle Head Quarters in Japan. * 1974: Lockheed Company, USA started Quality Circle movement. * 1977: International Association of Quality Circles (IACC) was formed in USA. * 1980: BHEL, Hyderabad first in India to start Quality Circles. * 1982: Quality Circle Forum of India (QCFI) was founded.
For more details on history of quality circles, refer: http://quality-circles-history.blogspot.com/
Formal and Informal Groups
Formal Groups * Family. * Organization. * Departments.
Informal Groups * Employees meet near water cooler and gossip. * Five salesmen from marketing department meet once a month for lunch to discuss mutual concerns and to seek relief from tedious aspects of their job. * Four computer programmers form a jogging club that meets three days per week at lunch time to run two miles. * All employees of a section meet and discuss how to improve and beautify office layouts. * Seven workers of a production shop floor meet once a week to solve their technical problems. * Maintenance department staff meet regularly to maintain machines in a better way.
What is Quality Circle (QC)?
Quality Circles are (informal) groups of employees who voluntarily meet together on a regular basis to identify, define, analyze and solve work related problems.
Usually the members of a particular team (quality circle) should be from the same work area or who do similar work so that the problems they select will be familiar to all of them. In addition, interdepartmental or cross functional quality circles may also be formed.
An ideal size of quality circle is seven to eight members. But the number of members in a